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<a name="General-Use"></a>
<table cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" border="0">
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<a name="General-Use-1"></a>
<h1 class="chapter">2. General Use</h1>
<a name="index-mc_002dsetversion"></a>
<p>By default, Mailcrypt assumes you are using one of the PGP 2.6.x
versions. This permits backward compatibility for the millions of
satisfied users of Mailcrypt 3.4 worldwide. If you wish to specify a
different version of PGP, use the <code>mc-setversion</code> function. Its
action is the same as setting the variable <code>mc-default-scheme</code>.
For a list of supported versions, press the tab key. “2.6” means
2.6.x, the original (and default). “5.0” is pgp 5.0. “6.5” is pgp
6.5. “gpg” is GnuPG.
</p>
<a name="index-mc_002dread_002dmode"></a>
<a name="index-mc_002dwrite_002dmode"></a>
<p>Mailcrypt works by providing two minor modes for interfacing with
cryptographic functions: <code>mc-read-mode</code> and <code>mc-write-mode</code>.
<code>mc-read-mode</code> provides key bindings for processing messages which
you have received; <code>mc-write-mode</code> provides key bindings for
processing messages which you are about to send. These minor modes will
indicate when they are active by placing a characteristic string in the
mode line (see section <a href="mailcrypt_5.html#Mode-Line">Mode Line</a>). They will also add a <code>Mailcrypt</code>
pull-down menu to the menu bar.
</p>
<a name="index-mc_002dinstall_002dread_002dmode"></a>
<a name="index-mc_002dinstall_002dwrite_002dmode"></a>
<p>The normal installation procedure (see section <a href="mailcrypt_0.html#Installation">Installation</a>) will arrange
for the appropriate mode to be active when you read and compose mail and
news. But you may want to use Mailcrypt’s functions at other times; to
do so, you can call <code>mc-install-read-mode</code> or
<code>mc-install-write-mode</code> directly. For example, if you were editing
a file in Text mode and wanted to digitally sign it, you would type
<kbd>M-x mc-install-write-mode</kbd>, then <kbd>C-c / s</kbd> (see section <a href="#Signing">Signing a Message</a>).
</p>
<p>Once one of the Mailcrypt modes is active, you can get a summary of the
available functions by typing <kbd>C-h m</kbd> or by examining the
<code>Mailcrypt</code> pull-down menu.
</p>
<p>The description of each function below includes which of the modes has a
binding for that function.
</p>
<table class="menu" border="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr><td align="left" valign="top"><a href="#Encrypting">2.1 Encrypting a Message</a></td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Encrypting a message to one or more
recipients.
</td></tr>
<tr><td align="left" valign="top"><a href="#Signing">2.2 Signing a Message</a></td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Clearsigning a message.
</td></tr>
<tr><td align="left" valign="top"><a href="#Inserting-Keys">2.3 Inserting a Public Key Block</a></td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Extracting a key from your public key
ring and inserting it.
</td></tr>
<tr><td align="left" valign="top"><a href="#Decrypting">2.4 Decrypting a message</a></td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Decrypting a message to you.
</td></tr>
<tr><td align="left" valign="top"><a href="#Verifying">2.5 Verifying a Signature</a></td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Verifying the signature on a clearsigned
message.
</td></tr>
<tr><td align="left" valign="top"><a href="#Snarfing-Keys">2.6 Snarfing a Key</a></td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Finding a key in the current message and
adding it to your keyring.
</td></tr>
</table>
<hr size="6">
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<a name="Encrypting-a-Message"></a>
<h2 class="section">2.1 Encrypting a Message</h2>
<a name="index-mc_002dencrypt"></a>
<a name="index-C_002dc-_002f-e"></a>
<p>The function <code>mc-encrypt</code> will encrypt a message in the current
buffer. <code>mc-write-mode</code> binds this function to <kbd>C-c / e</kbd> by
default.
</p>
<p>When this function is called, Mailcrypt will prompt you for a
comma-separated list of recipients. If called from a mail composition
buffer, the recipient list will default to the Email addresses in the
‘<samp>To</samp>’, ‘<samp>CC</samp>’, and ‘<samp>BCC</samp>’ lines of the message.
</p>
<a name="index-mc_002dencrypt_002dfor_002dme"></a>
<p>If you want to be able to decrypt the message yourself, you need to add
yourself to the recipient list. If you always want to do so, set the
variable <code>mc-encrypt-for-me</code> to <code>t</code>. (Note that Mailcrypt
overrides the PGP "encrypttoself" flag; use this variable instead.)
</p>
<p>If you provide an empty recipient list, Mailcrypt will ASCII-armor the
message without encrypting it.
</p>
<a name="index-mc_002dpgp_002dalways_002dsign"></a>
<p>Once you have edited the recipient list to your satisfaction, type
<kbd><RET></kbd> to accept it. You will then be asked whether you want
to sign the message; answer <kbd>y</kbd> or <kbd>n</kbd>. You can avoid this
question by setting the variable <code>mc-pgp-always-sign</code>: A value of
<code>t</code> means "yes", a value of <code>'never</code> means "no".
</p>
<p>If you elect to sign the message, Mailcrypt will prompt you for the
appropriate passphrase unless it is cached (see section <a href="mailcrypt_3.html#Passphrase-Cache">Passphrase Cache</a>).
</p>
<a name="index-mc_002dpre_002dencryption_002dhook"></a>
<a name="index-mc_002dpost_002dencryption_002dhook"></a>
<p>Mailcrypt will then pass the message to PGP for processing. Mailcrypt
will call the functions listed in <code>mc-pre-encryption-hook</code> and
<code>mc-post-encryption-hook</code> immediately before and after processing,
respectively. The encrypted message will then replace the original
message in the buffer. You can undo the encryption with the normal
Emacs undo command <kbd>C-x u</kbd> (see <a href="../emacs/Undo.html#Undo">Emacs Undo: (emacs)Undo</a> section ‘Undoing Changes’ in <cite>The GNU Emacs Manual</cite>).
</p>
<p>If an error occurs, Mailcrypt will display an appropriate diagnostic.
If you do not have the public key for one of the specified recipients,
Mailcrypt will offer to try to fetch it for you (see section <a href="mailcrypt_4.html#Key-Fetching">Key Fetching</a>).
</p>
<p>If you want to use a secret key other than your default for signing
the message, pass a prefix argument to <code>mc-encrypt</code>. (That is,
type <kbd>C-u C-c / e</kbd>.) Mailcrypt will prompt for a string and will
sign with the first key on your secret keyring which matches that
string. It will be assumed that you want to sign the message, so you
will not be prompted. See the next section, <a href="#Signing">Signing a Message</a> for information about which key is used by default to sign
the message.
</p>
<hr size="6">
<a name="Signing"></a>
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</tr></table>
<a name="Signing-a-Message"></a>
<h2 class="section">2.2 Signing a Message</h2>
<a name="index-mc_002dsign"></a>
<a name="index-C_002dc-_002f-s"></a>
<p>The function <code>mc-sign</code> will clearsign a message in the current
buffer. <code>mc-write-mode</code> binds this function to <kbd>C-c / s</kbd> by
default.
</p>
<p>When this function is called, Mailcrypt will prompt you for the
appropriate passphrase unless it is cached (see section <a href="mailcrypt_3.html#Passphrase-Cache">Passphrase Cache</a>).
</p>
<a name="index-mc_002dpre_002dsignature_002dhook"></a>
<a name="index-mc_002dpost_002dsignature_002dhook"></a>
<p>Mailcrypt will then pass the message to PGP for processing. Mailcrypt
will call the functions listed in <code>mc-pre-signature-hook</code> and
<code>mc-post-signature-hook</code> immediately before and after processing,
respectively. The signed message will replace the original message in
the buffer. <em>Do not</em> edit the message further with the signature
attached, because the signature would then be incorrect. If you
discover you need to edit a message after you have signed it, remove the
signature first with the normal Emacs undo command <kbd>C-x u</kbd>
(see <a href="../emacs/Undo.html#Undo">Emacs Undo: (emacs)Undo</a> section ‘Undoing Changes’ in <cite>The GNU Emacs Manual</cite>).
</p>
<p>The variable <code>mc-pgp-user-id</code> controls which secret key is used
for signing. To use a different secret key, pass a prefix argument to
<code>mc-sign</code>. (That is, type <kbd>C-u C-c / s</kbd>.) Mailcrypt will
prompt for a string and will sign with the first key on your secret
keyring which matches that string.
</p>
<a name="index-mc_002dpgp_002duser_002did"></a>
<p>The default key for signing is the first one on the secret key ring
which matches the string <code>mc-pgp-user-id</code>; this defaults to
<code>(user-login-name)</code>. Note that this differs from PGP’s normal
default, which is to use the first of <em>all</em> of the secret keys. To
mimic PGP’s behavior, set this variable to <code>""</code>. This variable is
specific to pgp 2.6.x; <code>mc-pgp50-user-id</code> and <code>mc-gpg-user-id</code> are
the corresponding variables for pgp 5.0 and GnuPG.
</p>
<p>If you have multiple secret keys with the same name (perhaps you
generate a new key every few years, but keep the expired keys on your
secret key ring so you can decrypt old messages), you may want to use
a hex keyid in <code>mc-gpg-user-id</code> or equivalent. A simple name will
cause mailcrypt to use the first matching secret key, which may not be
the most recent one. Using a hex keyid will force the encryption
program to use that exact secret key for signing. Put something like
the following in your ‘<tt>.emacs</tt>’:
</p>
<table><tr><td> </td><td><pre class="lisp">(setq mc-gpg-user-id "0x03A5E108")
</pre></td></tr></table>
<hr size="6">
<a name="Inserting-Keys"></a>
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<a name="Inserting-a-Public-Key-Block"></a>
<h2 class="section">2.3 Inserting a Public Key Block</h2>
<a name="index-mc_002dinsert_002dpublic_002dkey"></a>
<a name="index-C_002dc-_002f-x"></a>
<p>The function <code>mc-insert-public-key</code> will extract a key from your
public keyring and insert it into the current buffer.
<code>mc-write-mode</code> binds this function to <kbd>C-c / x</kbd> by default.
</p>
<p>This function is useful for sending your public key to someone else or
for uploading it to the key servers (see section <a href="mailcrypt_8.html#Key-Servers">Key Servers</a>). The inserted
key will be the first one on your public key ring which matches the
string <code>mc-pgp-user-id</code> (see section <a href="#Encrypting">Encrypting a Message</a>).
</p>
<p>You may want to insert a different public key instead; for example, you
may have signed someone’s key and want to send it back to them. To do
so, pass a prefix argument to <code>mc-insert-public-key</code>. (That is,
type <kbd>C-u C-c / x</kbd>.) You will be prompted for a string; the first key
on your public key ring which matches that string will be inserted.
</p>
<hr size="6">
<a name="Decrypting"></a>
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<a name="Decrypting-a-message"></a>
<h2 class="section">2.4 Decrypting a message</h2>
<a name="index-mc_002ddecrypt"></a>
<a name="index-C_002dc-_002f-d"></a>
<p>The function <code>mc-decrypt</code> will decrypt a message in the current
buffer. <code>mc-read-mode</code> binds this function to <kbd>C-c / d</kbd> by
default.
</p>
<p>When this function is called, Mailcrypt will prompt you for the
appropriate passphrase unless it is cached (see section <a href="mailcrypt_3.html#Passphrase-Cache">Passphrase Cache</a>).
</p>
<p>The encrypted message will then be passed to PGP for processing. If you
are not in a mail buffer, the decrypted message will replace the
encrypted form. If you are in a mail buffer, you will be prompted
whether to do the replacement.
</p>
<p>If you answer <kbd>n</kbd>, you will be placed in a new mail reading buffer
to view the decrypted message. This new mail reading buffer will have
no corresponding disk file; its purpose is to provide you with all of
your usual reply and citation functions without requiring you to save
the message in decrypted form. Type <kbd>q</kbd> to kill this buffer.
</p>
<a name="index-mc_002dalways_002dreplace"></a>
<p>You can avoid the question of whether to replace the encrypted message
by setting the variable <code>mc-always-replace</code>. A value of <code>t</code>
means "yes"; a value of <code>'never</code> means "no".
</p>
<p>If the encrypted message is also signed, PGP will attempt to verify the
signature. If the verification fails because you lack the necessary
public key, Mailcrypt will offer to fetch it for you (see section <a href="mailcrypt_4.html#Key-Fetching">Key Fetching</a>).
</p>
<p>Look in the <code>*MailCrypt*</code> buffer to see the result of the signature
verification.
</p>
<hr size="6">
<a name="Verifying"></a>
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<a name="Verifying-a-Signature"></a>
<h2 class="section">2.5 Verifying a Signature</h2>
<a name="index-mc_002dverify"></a>
<a name="index-C_002dc-_002f-v"></a>
<p>The function <code>mc-verify</code> will verify the cleartext signature on a
message in the current buffer. <code>mc-read-mode</code> binds this function
to <kbd>C-c / v</kbd> by default.
</p>
<p>When this function is called, Mailcrypt will pass the message to PGP for
processing and report whether or not the signature verified.
</p>
<p>If the signature failed to verify because you lack the necessary public
key, Mailcrypt will offer to fetch it for you (see section <a href="mailcrypt_4.html#Key-Fetching">Key Fetching</a>).
</p>
<hr size="6">
<a name="Snarfing-Keys"></a>
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<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="mailcrypt_0.html#Introduction" title="Cover (top) of document">Top</a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="mailcrypt_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents">Contents</a>]</td>
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</tr></table>
<a name="Snarfing-a-Key"></a>
<h2 class="section">2.6 Snarfing a Key</h2>
<a name="index-mc_002dsnarf"></a>
<a name="index-C_002dc-_002f-a"></a>
<p>The function <code>mc-snarf</code> will add to your keyring any keys in the
current buffer. <code>mc-read-mode</code> binds this function to <kbd>C-c / a</kbd>
by default.
</p>
<p>This function is useful when someone sends you a public key in an Email
message.
</p>
<hr size="6">
<table cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" border="0">
<tr><td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#General-Use" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << </a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="mailcrypt_2.html#Remailer-Support" title="Next chapter"> >> </a>]</td>
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<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="mailcrypt_0.html#Introduction" title="Cover (top) of document">Top</a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="mailcrypt_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents">Contents</a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="mailcrypt_10.html#Index" title="Index">Index</a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="mailcrypt_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)"> ? </a>]</td>
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<p>
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