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<div class="section" id="python-3-faq">
<h1><a class="toc-backref" href="#id1">Python 3 FAQ</a><a class="headerlink" href="#python-3-faq" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
<div class="contents topic" id="contents">
<p class="topic-title first">Contents</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#python-3-faq" id="id1">Python 3 FAQ</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#what-python-3-versions-are-supported" id="id2">What Python 3 versions are supported?</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#are-there-any-pymongo-behavior-changes-with-python-3" id="id3">Are there any PyMongo behavior changes with Python 3?</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#why-can-t-i-share-pickled-objectids-between-some-versions-of-python-2-and-3" id="id4">Why can’t I share pickled ObjectIds between some versions of Python 2 and 3?</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#why-do-i-get-a-syntax-error-importing-pymongo-after-installing-from-source" id="id5">Why do I get a syntax error importing pymongo after installing from source?</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="section" id="what-python-3-versions-are-supported">
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id2">What Python 3 versions are supported?</a><a class="headerlink" href="#what-python-3-versions-are-supported" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>PyMongo supports Python 3.x where x >= 1.</p>
<p>We <strong>do not</strong> support Python 3.0.x. It has many problems
(some that directly impact PyMongo) and was <a class="reference external" href="http://www.python.org/download/releases/3.0.1/">end-of-lifed</a>
with the release of Python 3.1.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="are-there-any-pymongo-behavior-changes-with-python-3">
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id3">Are there any PyMongo behavior changes with Python 3?</a><a class="headerlink" href="#are-there-any-pymongo-behavior-changes-with-python-3" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>Only one intentional change. Instances of <tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">bytes</span></tt>
are encoded as BSON type 5 (Binary data) with subtype 0.
In Python 3 they are decoded back to <tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">bytes</span></tt>. In
Python 2 they will be decoded to <a class="reference internal" href="api/bson/binary.html#bson.binary.Binary" title="bson.binary.Binary"><tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">Binary</span></tt></a>
with subtype 0.</p>
<p>For example, let’s insert a <tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">bytes</span></tt> instance using Python 3 then
read it back. Notice the byte string is decoded back to <tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">bytes</span></tt>:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre>Python 3.1.4 (default, Mar 21 2012, 14:34:01)
[GCC 4.5.3] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import pymongo
>>> c = pymongo.MongoClient()
>>> c.test.bintest.insert({'binary': b'this is a byte string'})
ObjectId('4f9086b1fba5222021000000')
>>> c.test.bintest.find_one()
{'binary': b'this is a byte string', '_id': ObjectId('4f9086b1fba5222021000000')}
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Now retrieve the same document in Python 2. Notice the byte string is decoded
to <a class="reference internal" href="api/bson/binary.html#bson.binary.Binary" title="bson.binary.Binary"><tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">Binary</span></tt></a>:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre>Python 2.7.3 (default, Apr 12 2012, 10:35:17)
[GCC 4.5.3] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import pymongo
>>> c = pymongo.MongoClient()
>>> c.test.bintest.find_one()
{u'binary': Binary('this is a byte string', 0), u'_id': ObjectId('4f9086b1fba5222021000000')}
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="why-can-t-i-share-pickled-objectids-between-some-versions-of-python-2-and-3">
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id4">Why can’t I share pickled ObjectIds between some versions of Python 2 and 3?</a><a class="headerlink" href="#why-can-t-i-share-pickled-objectids-between-some-versions-of-python-2-and-3" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>Instances of <a class="reference internal" href="api/bson/objectid.html#bson.objectid.ObjectId" title="bson.objectid.ObjectId"><tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">ObjectId</span></tt></a> pickled using Python 2
can always be unpickled using Python 3. Due to
<a class="reference external" href="http://bugs.python.org/issue13505">http://bugs.python.org/issue13505</a>
you must use Python 3.2.3 or newer to pickle instances of ObjectId if you
need to unpickle them in Python 2.</p>
<p>If you pickled an ObjectId using Python 2 and want to unpickle it using
Python 3 you must pass <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">encoding='latin-1'</span></tt> to pickle.loads:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre>Python 2.7.3 (default, Apr 12 2012, 10:35:17)
[GCC 4.5.3] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import pickle
>>> from bson.objectid import ObjectId
>>> oid = ObjectId()
>>> oid
ObjectId('4f919ba2fba5225b84000000')
>>> pickle.dumps(oid)
'ccopy_reg\n_reconstructor\np0\n(cbson.objectid\...'
Python 3.1.4 (default, Mar 21 2012, 14:34:01)
[GCC 4.5.3] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import pickle
>>> pickle.loads(b'ccopy_reg\n_reconstructor\np0\n(cbson.objectid\...', encoding='latin-1')
ObjectId('4f919ba2fba5225b84000000')
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>If you need to pickle ObjectIds using Python 3 and unpickle them using Python 2
you must use Python 3.2.3 or newer and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">protocol</span> <span class="pre"><=</span> <span class="pre">2</span></tt>:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre>Python 3.2.3 (v3.2.3:3d0686d90f55, Apr 10 2012, 11:25:50)
[GCC 4.2.1 (Apple Inc. build 5666) (dot 3)] on darwin
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import pickle
>>> from bson.objectid import ObjectId
>>> oid = ObjectId()
>>> oid
ObjectId('4f96f20c430ee6bd06000000')
>>> pickle.dumps(oid, protocol=2)
b'\x80\x02cbson.objectid\nObjectId\nq\x00)\x81q\x01c_codecs\nencode\...'
Python 2.4.4 (#1, Oct 18 2006, 10:34:39)
[GCC 4.0.1 (Apple Computer, Inc. build 5341)] on darwin
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import pickle
>>> pickle.loads('\x80\x02cbson.objectid\nObjectId\nq\x00)\x81q\x01c_codecs\nencode\...')
ObjectId('4f96f20c430ee6bd06000000')
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Unfortunately this won’t work if you pickled the ObjectId using a Python 3
version older than 3.2.3:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre>Python 3.2.2 (default, Mar 21 2012, 14:32:23)
[GCC 4.5.3] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import pickle
>>> from bson.objectid import ObjectId
>>> oid = ObjectId()
>>> pickle.dumps(oid, protocol=2)
b'\x80\x02cbson.objectid\nObjectId\nq\x00)\x81q\x01c__builtin__\nbytes\...'
Python 2.4.6 (#1, Apr 12 2012, 14:48:24)
[GCC 4.5.3] on linux3
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import pickle
>>> pickle.loads('\x80\x02cbson.objectid\nObjectId\nq\x00)\x81q\x01c__builtin__\nbytes\...')
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in ?
File "/usr/lib/python2.4/pickle.py", line 1394, in loads
return Unpickler(file).load()
File "/usr/lib/python2.4/pickle.py", line 872, in load
dispatch[key](self)
File "/usr/lib/python2.4/pickle.py", line 1104, in load_global
klass = self.find_class(module, name)
File "/usr/lib/python2.4/pickle.py", line 1140, in find_class
klass = getattr(mod, name)
AttributeError: 'module' object has no attribute 'bytes'
</pre></div>
</div>
<div class="admonition warning">
<p class="first admonition-title">Warning</p>
<p>Unpickling in Python 2.6 or 2.7 an ObjectId pickled in a Python 3 version
older than 3.2.3 will seem to succeed but the resulting ObjectId instance
will contain garbage data.</p>
<div class="last highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">pickle</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">loads</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">'</span><span class="se">\x80\x02</span><span class="s">cbson.objectid</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">ObjectId</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">q</span><span class="se">\x00</span><span class="s">)</span><span class="se">\x81</span><span class="s">q</span><span class="se">\x01</span><span class="s">c__builtin__</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">bytes\...)</span>
<span class="go">ObjectId('5b37392c203135302c203234362c2034352c203235312c203136352c2033342c203532...')</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
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</div>
<div class="section" id="why-do-i-get-a-syntax-error-importing-pymongo-after-installing-from-source">
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id5">Why do I get a syntax error importing pymongo after installing from source?</a><a class="headerlink" href="#why-do-i-get-a-syntax-error-importing-pymongo-after-installing-from-source" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>PyMongo makes use of the 2to3 tool to translate much of its code to valid
Python 3 syntax at install time. The translated modules are written to the
build subdirectory before being installed, leaving the original source files
intact. If you start the python interactive shell from the top level source
directory after running <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">python</span> <span class="pre">setup.py</span> <span class="pre">install</span></tt> the untranslated modules
will be the first thing in your path. Importing pymongo will result in an
exception similar to:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre>Python 3.1.5 (default, Jun 2 2012, 12:24:49)
[GCC 4.6.3] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import pymongo
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
File "pymongo/__init__.py", line 58, in <module>
version = get_version_string()
File "pymongo/__init__.py", line 54, in get_version_string
if isinstance(version_tuple[-1], basestring):
NameError: global name 'basestring' is not defined
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Note the path in the traceback (<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">pymongo/__init__.py</span></tt>). Changing out of the
source directory takes the untranslated modules out of your path:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre>$ cd ..
$ python
Python 3.1.5 (default, Jun 2 2012, 12:24:49)
[GCC 4.6.3] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import pymongo
>>> pymongo.__file__
'/home/behackett/py3k/lib/python3.1/site-packages/pymongo-2.2-py3.1-linux-x86_64.egg/pymongo/__init__.py'
</pre></div>
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<h3><a href="index.html">Table Of Contents</a></h3>
<ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#">Python 3 FAQ</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#what-python-3-versions-are-supported">What Python 3 versions are supported?</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#are-there-any-pymongo-behavior-changes-with-python-3">Are there any PyMongo behavior changes with Python 3?</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#why-can-t-i-share-pickled-objectids-between-some-versions-of-python-2-and-3">Why can’t I share pickled ObjectIds between some versions of Python 2 and 3?</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#why-do-i-get-a-syntax-error-importing-pymongo-after-installing-from-source">Why do I get a syntax error importing pymongo after installing from source?</a></li>
</ul>
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