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<div class="section" id="running-simpy-on-multiple-processors-with-parallel-python">
<h1><a class="toc-backref" href="#id1">Running SimPy on Multiple Processors with <strong>Parallel Python</strong></a><a class="headerlink" href="#running-simpy-on-multiple-processors-with-parallel-python" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
<div class="contents topic" id="contents">
<p class="topic-title first">Contents</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#running-simpy-on-multiple-processors-with-parallel-python" id="id1">Running SimPy on Multiple Processors with <strong>Parallel Python</strong></a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#introduction" id="id2">Introduction</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#examples" id="id3">Examples</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="section" id="introduction">
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id2">Introduction</a><a class="headerlink" href="#introduction" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>With SimPy 2.0, you can easily increase the performance of your simulation by
using <a class="reference external" href="http://www.parallelpython.com/">Parallel Python</a> if you have a larger number of independent processors
(multiple CPUs or cores). <em>Parallel Python</em> can distribute the execution of
your SimPy processes to all cores of your CPU and even to other computers. You
should read the PP documentation for further information on how this works.</p>
<p>Please, note that <em>Parallel Python</em> is not included in the SimPy distribution
and needs to be <cite>downloaded <http://www.parallelpython.com/></cite> and installed
separately.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="examples">
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id3">Examples</a><a class="headerlink" href="#examples" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<div class="section" id="example-1">
<h3>Example #1<a class="headerlink" href="#example-1" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<p>The files <a class="reference external" href="../../../_static/PPExample.txt">PPExample.txt</a> and <a class="reference external" href="../../../_static/PPExampleProcess.txt">PPExampleProcess.txt</a> contain a small example
with several car processes. It is important, that processes etc.are not
defined in the file that starts the PP job server and executes the jobs,
since <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">ppserver.submit()</span></tt> only takes functions defined in the same file and
module names to import, but no classes.</p>
<p>PPExample.py:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="sd">"""</span>
<span class="sd">Example for SimPy with Parallel Python.</span>
<span class="sd">"""</span>
<span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">PPExampleProcess</span>
<span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">SimPy.Simulation</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="o">*</span>
<span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">pp</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">runSimulation</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">jobNum</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">numCars</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="n">sim</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">SimPy</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Simulation</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Simulation</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="n">cars</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">numCars</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="n">car</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">PPExampleProcess</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Car</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sim</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">jobNum</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">sim</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">activate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">car</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">car</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">run</span><span class="p">(),</span> <span class="n">at</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">cars</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">car</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">sim</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">simulate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">until</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">30</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">server</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">pp</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Server</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ppservers</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">())</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="n">job</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">server</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">submit</span><span class="p">(</span>
<span class="n">runSimulation</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">),</span>
<span class="p">(),</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="s">'SimPy.Simulation'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">'PPExampleProcess'</span><span class="p">))</span>
<span class="n">job</span><span class="p">()</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>PPExampleProcess.py:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">SimPy.Simulation</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="o">*</span>
<span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">Car</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Process</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">__init__</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">sim</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nb">id</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="n">Process</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__init__</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">sim</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">sim</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">id</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">id</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">run</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="k">while</span> <span class="bp">True</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="k">yield</span> <span class="n">hold</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">10</span>
<span class="k">print</span> <span class="s">'Car #</span><span class="si">%i</span><span class="s"> at t = </span><span class="si">%i</span><span class="s">'</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">id</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">sim</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">now</span><span class="p">())</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>The simulated process in this case is a simple car, that holds for ten steps
and then prints the current simulation time. Obviously, each car process is
independent from the other ones. Thus if we want to simulate a great number of
cars, we can easily distribute the processes to many CPU cores and others
computers in our network.</p>
<p>PP pickles everything it sends to other cores/computers. Since SimPy is
currently not pickleable, you cannot submit <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Simulation.simulate()</span></tt> to the
PPServer. In this example <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">runSimulation</span></tt> is defined and submitted to the
server. The code within it will be executed on each core/computer. In the
example we create four simulation jobs with two cars for each job.</p>
<p>Run PPExample.py to execute the example.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="example-2">
<h3>Example #2<a class="headerlink" href="#example-2" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<p>Files <a class="reference external" href="../../../_static/simulator.txt">simulator.txt</a> and <a class="reference external" href="../../../_static/processes.txt">processes.txt</a> contain an example that
simulates refrigerators in single-thread and in parallel simulation mode.</p>
<p>Class <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Simulator</span></tt> simulates a number of fridges and gets the resulting data.</p>
<p>Class <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">ParallelSimulator</span></tt> simulates a number of fridges and gets the resulting data.
A number of jobs will be created that use all available
CPU cores or even other computers.</p>
<p>To use clustering, ParallelPython needs to be installed on all computers
and the server demon “ppserver.py” must be started. The list of the servers’
IP addresses must then be passed to the constructor of this class.</p>
<p>Run <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">simulator.py</span></tt> to execute this example.</p>
<p>File simulator.py:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="c"># coding=utf8</span>
<span class="sd">"""</span>
<span class="sd">The fridge simulation</span>
<span class="sd">@author: Stefan Scherfke</span>
<span class="sd">@contact: stefan.scherfke at uni-oldenburg.de</span>
<span class="sd">"""</span>
<span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">time</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">clock</span>
<span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">logging</span>
<span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">SimPy.Simulation</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">Simulation</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">activate</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">initialize</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">simulate</span>
<span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">pp</span>
<span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">processes</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">Fridge</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">FridgeObserver</span>
<span class="n">log</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">logging</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">getLogger</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">'Simulator'</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">Simulator</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">object</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="sd">"""</span>
<span class="sd"> This class simulates a number of fridges and gets the resulting data.</span>
<span class="sd"> """</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">__init__</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">numFridges</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">tau</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">aggSteps</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">duration</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="sd">"""</span>
<span class="sd"> Setup the simulation with the specified number of fridges.</span>
<span class="sd"> Tau specifies the simulation step for each frige. Furthermore the</span>
<span class="sd"> observer will collect data each tau. Collected data</span>
<span class="sd"> will be aggregated at the end of each aggSteps simulation steps.</span>
<span class="sd"> @param numFridges: The number of simulated fridges</span>
<span class="sd"> @type numFridges: unsigned int</span>
<span class="sd"> @param tau: simulation step size for collecting data and simulating</span>
<span class="sd"> the fridge</span>
<span class="sd"> @type tau: float</span>
<span class="sd"> @param aggSteps: Collected data will be aggregated each aggSteps</span>
<span class="sd"> simulation steps. Signals interval will be</span>
<span class="sd"> tau * aggSteps</span>
<span class="sd"> @type aggSteps: unsigned int</span>
<span class="sd"> @param duration: Duration of the simulation in hours</span>
<span class="sd"> @type duration: unsigned int</span>
<span class="sd"> """</span>
<span class="n">log</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">info</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">'Initializing simulator ...'</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">simEnd</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">duration</span>
<span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">sim</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Simulation</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="n">fridgeProperties</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s">'tau'</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">tau</span><span class="p">}</span>
<span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_fridges</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">numFridges</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="n">fridge</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Fridge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">sim</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">**</span><span class="n">fridgeProperties</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_fridges</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">fridge</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_observer</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">FridgeObserver</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">sim</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_fridges</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">tau</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">aggSteps</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">simulate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="sd">"""</span>
<span class="sd"> Initialize the system, start the simulation and return the collected</span>
<span class="sd"> data.</span>
<span class="sd"> @return: The fridgerators consumption after each aggregation</span>
<span class="sd"> """</span>
<span class="n">log</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">info</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">'Running simulation ...'</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">sim</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">initialize</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">fridge</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_fridges</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">sim</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">activate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">fridge</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">fridge</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">run</span><span class="p">(),</span> <span class="n">at</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">sim</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">activate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_observer</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_observer</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">run</span><span class="p">(),</span> <span class="n">at</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">sim</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">simulate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">until</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">simEnd</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">log</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">info</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">'Simulation run finished.'</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_observer</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">getData</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">ParallelSimulator</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">object</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="sd">"""</span>
<span class="sd"> This class simulates a number of fridges and gets the resulting data.</span>
<span class="sd"> Unlike simulator, a number of jobs will be created that use all availale</span>
<span class="sd"> CPU cores or even other computers.</span>
<span class="sd"> To use clustering, ParallelPython needs to be installed on all computers</span>
<span class="sd"> and the server demon "ppserver.py" must be started. The list of the server's</span>
<span class="sd"> IPs must then be passed to the constructor of this class.</span>
<span class="sd"> """</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">__init__</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">numFridges</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">tau</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">aggSteps</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">duration</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">jobSize</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">100</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">servers</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">()):</span>
<span class="sd">"""</span>
<span class="sd"> Setup the simulation with the specified number of fridges. It will be</span>
<span class="sd"> split up in several parallel jobs, each with the specified number of</span>
<span class="sd"> jobs.</span>
<span class="sd"> Tau specifies the simulation step for each frige. Furthermore the</span>
<span class="sd"> observer will collect data each tau. Collected data</span>
<span class="sd"> will be aggregated at the end of each aggSteps simulation steps.</span>
<span class="sd"> @param numFridges: The number of simulated fridges</span>
<span class="sd"> @type numFridges: unsigned int</span>
<span class="sd"> @param tau: simulation step size for collecting data and simulating</span>
<span class="sd"> the fridge</span>
<span class="sd"> @type tau: float</span>
<span class="sd"> @param aggSteps: Collected data will be aggregated each aggSteps</span>
<span class="sd"> simulation steps. Signals interval will be</span>
<span class="sd"> tau * aggSteps</span>
<span class="sd"> @type aggSteps: unsigned int</span>
<span class="sd"> @param duration: Duration of the simulation</span>
<span class="sd"> @type duration: unsigned int</span>
<span class="sd"> @param jobSize: The number of friges per job, defaults to 100.</span>
<span class="sd"> @type jobSize: unsigned int</span>
<span class="sd"> @param servers: A list of IPs from on which the simulation shall be</span>
<span class="sd"> executed. Defaults to "()" (use only SMP)</span>
<span class="sd"> @type servers: tuple of string</span>
<span class="sd"> """</span>
<span class="n">log</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">info</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">'Initializing prallel simulation ...'</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_jobSize</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">jobSize</span>
<span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_servers</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">servers</span>
<span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_numFridges</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">numFridges</span>
<span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_tau</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">tau</span>
<span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_aggSteps</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">aggSteps</span>
<span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">simEnd</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">duration</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">simulate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="sd">"""</span>
<span class="sd"> Create some simulation jobs, run them and retrieve their results.</span>
<span class="sd"> @return: The fridgerators consumption after each aggregation</span>
<span class="sd"> """</span>
<span class="n">log</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">info</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">'Running parallel simulation ...'</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">oldLevel</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">log</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">getEffectiveLevel</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="c"># pp changes the log level :(</span>
<span class="n">jobServer</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">pp</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Server</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ppservers</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_servers</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="c"># Start the jobs</span>
<span class="n">remainingFridges</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_numFridges</span>
<span class="n">jobs</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span>
<span class="k">while</span> <span class="n">remainingFridges</span> <span class="o">></span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">jobs</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">jobServer</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">submit</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">runSimulation</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_jobSize</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">remainingFridges</span><span class="p">),),</span>
<span class="p">(),</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"logging"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">"SimPy.Simulation"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">"processes"</span><span class="p">)))</span>
<span class="n">remainingFridges</span> <span class="o">-=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_jobSize</span>
<span class="n">log</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">info</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">'Number of jobs for simulation: </span><span class="si">%d</span><span class="s">'</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">jobs</span><span class="p">))</span>
<span class="c"># Add each job's data</span>
<span class="n">pSum</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="mi">60</span> <span class="o">/</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_aggSteps</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">simEnd</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">job</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">jobs</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">data</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">job</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">data</span><span class="p">)):</span>
<span class="n">pSum</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="n">data</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">s</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">pSum</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">s</span> <span class="o">/=</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">jobs</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">log</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">setLevel</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">oldLevel</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">log</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">info</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">'Parallel simulation finished.'</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">pSum</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">runSimulation</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">numFridges</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="sd">"""</span>
<span class="sd"> Create a job with the specified number of fridges and controllers and</span>
<span class="sd"> one observer. Simulate this and return the results.</span>
<span class="sd"> @param numFridges: The number of fridges to use for this job</span>
<span class="sd"> @type numFridges: unsigned int</span>
<span class="sd"> @return: A list with the aggregated fridge consumption</span>
<span class="sd"> """</span>
<span class="n">sim</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">SimPy</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Simulation</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Simulation</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="n">sim</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">initialize</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="n">fridgeProperties</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s">'tau'</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_tau</span><span class="p">}</span>
<span class="n">fridges</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">numFridges</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="n">fridge</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">processes</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Fridge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sim</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">**</span><span class="n">fridgeProperties</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">fridges</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">fridge</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">sim</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">activate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">fridge</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">fridge</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">run</span><span class="p">(),</span> <span class="n">at</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">observer</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">processes</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">FridgeObserver</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sim</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">fridges</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_tau</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_aggSteps</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">sim</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">activate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">observer</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">observer</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">run</span><span class="p">(),</span> <span class="n">at</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">sim</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">simulate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">until</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">simEnd</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">observer</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">getData</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">__name__</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="s">'__main__'</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">logging</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">basicConfig</span><span class="p">(</span>
<span class="n">level</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">logging</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">INFO</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">format</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s">'</span><span class="si">%(asctime)s</span><span class="s"> </span><span class="si">%(levelname)8s</span><span class="s">: </span><span class="si">%(name)s</span><span class="s">: </span><span class="si">%(message)s</span><span class="s">'</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">numFridges</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">5000</span>
<span class="n">tau</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mf">1.</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="mi">60</span>
<span class="n">aggStep</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">15</span>
<span class="n">duration</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">4</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">tau</span>
<span class="n">sim</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Simulator</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">numFridges</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">tau</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">aggStep</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">duration</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">data</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">sim</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">simulate</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="n">log</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">info</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">'Results: '</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="nb">str</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">data</span><span class="p">))</span>
<span class="n">servers</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">()</span>
<span class="n">sim</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">ParallelSimulator</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">numFridges</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">tau</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">aggStep</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">duration</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">100</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">servers</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">data</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">sim</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">simulate</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="n">log</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">info</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">'Results: '</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="nb">str</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">data</span><span class="p">))</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>File process.py:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="c"># coding=utf8</span>
<span class="sd">"""</span>
<span class="sd">This file contains classes for simulating, controlling and observing a fridge.</span>
<span class="sd">@author: Stefan Scherfke</span>
<span class="sd">@contact: stefan.scherfke at uni-oldenburg.de</span>
<span class="sd">"""</span>
<span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">math</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">exp</span>
<span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">logging</span>
<span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">random</span>
<span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">SimPy.Simulation</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">Process</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">Simulation</span><span class="p">,</span> \
<span class="n">activate</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">hold</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">initialize</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">now</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">simulate</span>
<span class="n">log</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">logging</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">getLogger</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">'Processes'</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">Fridge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Process</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="sd">"""</span>
<span class="sd"> This class represents a simulated fridge.</span>
<span class="sd"> It's temperature T for and equidistant series of time steps is computed by</span>
<span class="sd"> $T_{i+1} = \epsilon \cdot T_i + (1 - \epsilon) \cdot \left(T^O - \eta</span>
<span class="sd"> \cdot \frac{q_i}{A}\right)$ with $\epsilon = e^{-\frac{\tau A}{m_c}}$.</span>
<span class="sd"> """</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">__init__</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">sim</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">T_O</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mf">20.0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">A</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mf">3.21</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">m_c</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mf">15.97</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">tau</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mf">1.0</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="mi">60</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">eta</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mf">3.0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">q_i</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mf">0.0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">q_max</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mf">70.0</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">T_i</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mf">5.0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">T_range</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">5.0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">8.0</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">noise</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">False</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="sd">"""</span>
<span class="sd"> Init all required variables.</span>
<span class="sd"> @param sim: The SimPy simulation this process belongs to</span>
<span class="sd"> @type sim: SimPy.Simulation</span>
<span class="sd"> @param T_O: Outside temperature</span>
<span class="sd"> @param A: Insulation</span>
<span class="sd"> @param m_c: Thermal mass/thermal storage capacity</span>
<span class="sd"> @param tau: Time span between t_i and t_{i+1}</span>
<span class="sd"> @param eta: Efficiency of the cooling device</span>
<span class="sd"> @param q_i: Initial/current electrical power</span>
<span class="sd"> @param q_max: Power required during cool-down</span>
<span class="sd"> @param T_i: Initial/current temperature</span>
<span class="sd"> @param T_range: Allowed range for T_i</span>
<span class="sd"> @param noise: Add noise to the fridge's parameters, if True</span>
<span class="sd"> @type noise: bool</span>
<span class="sd"> """</span>
<span class="n">Process</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__init__</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">sim</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">sim</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">T_O</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">T_O</span>
<span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">A</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">A</span>
<span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">m_c</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">random</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">normalvariate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">20</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">4.5</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">noise</span> <span class="k">else</span> <span class="n">m_c</span>
<span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">tau</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">tau</span>
<span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">eta</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">eta</span>
<span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">q_i</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">q_i</span>
<span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">q_max</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">q_max</span>
<span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">T_i</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">random</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">uniform</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">T_range</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">T_range</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">noise</span> <span class="k">else</span> <span class="n">T_i</span>
<span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">T_range</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">T_range</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">run</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="sd">"""</span>
<span class="sd"> Calculate the fridge's temperature for the current time step.</span>
<span class="sd"> """</span>
<span class="k">while</span> <span class="bp">True</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">epsilon</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">exp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">tau</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">A</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">/</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">m_c</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">T_i</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">epsilon</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">T_i</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="n">epsilon</span><span class="p">)</span> \
<span class="o">*</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">T_O</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">eta</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">q_i</span> <span class="o">/</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">A</span><span class="p">))</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">T_i</span> <span class="o">>=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">T_range</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]:</span>
<span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">q_i</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">q_max</span> <span class="c"># Cool down</span>
<span class="k">elif</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">T_i</span> <span class="o"><=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">T_range</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]:</span>
<span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">q_i</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mf">0.0</span> <span class="c"># Stop cooling</span>
<span class="n">log</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">debug</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">'T_i: </span><span class="si">%2.2f</span><span class="s">°C at </span><span class="si">%.2f</span><span class="s">'</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">T_i</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">sim</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">now</span><span class="p">()))</span>
<span class="k">yield</span> <span class="n">hold</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">tau</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">coolDown</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="sd">"""</span>
<span class="sd"> Start cooling down now!</span>
<span class="sd"> """</span>
<span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">q_i</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">q_max</span>
<span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">FridgeObserver</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Process</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="sd">"""</span>
<span class="sd"> This process observes the temperature and power consumption of a set of</span>
<span class="sd"> fridges.</span>
<span class="sd"> """</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">__init__</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">sim</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">fridges</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">tau</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">aggSteps</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="sd">"""</span>
<span class="sd"> Init the observer.</span>
<span class="sd"> @param sim: The SimPy simulation this process belongs to</span>
<span class="sd"> @type sim: SimPy.Simulation</span>
<span class="sd"> @param fridges: A list of fridges to be observed</span>
<span class="sd"> @type fridges: tuple of Fridge</span>
<span class="sd"> @param tau: Time interval for observations</span>
<span class="sd"> @type tau: float</span>
<span class="sd"> @param aggSteps: Specifies after how many timesteps tau the collected</span>
<span class="sd"> data is aggregated and stored.</span>
<span class="sd"> @type aggSteps: int</span>
<span class="sd"> """</span>
<span class="n">Process</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__init__</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">sim</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">sim</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_fridges</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">fridges</span>
<span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_tau</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">tau</span>
<span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_aggSteps</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">aggSteps</span>
<span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_data</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">run</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="sd">"""</span>
<span class="sd"> Start observation</span>
<span class="sd"> """</span>
<span class="n">aggSteps</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
<span class="n">consumption</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
<span class="n">lastProgUpdate</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
<span class="k">while</span> <span class="bp">True</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">prog</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">sim</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">now</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="mi">100</span> <span class="o">/</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">sim</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_endtime</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">prog</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">></span> <span class="n">lastProgUpdate</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">log</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">info</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">'Progress: </span><span class="si">%d%%</span><span class="s">'</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="n">prog</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">lastProgUpdate</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">prog</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">aggSteps</span> <span class="o">>=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_aggSteps</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="n">log</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">debug</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">'Aggregating at </span><span class="si">%.2f</span><span class="s">'</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">sim</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">now</span><span class="p">())</span>
<span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_data</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">consumption</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_aggSteps</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">consumption</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
<span class="n">aggSteps</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">fridge</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_fridges</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">consumption</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="n">fridge</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">q_i</span>
<span class="n">aggSteps</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
<span class="k">yield</span> <span class="n">hold</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_tau</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">getData</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="sd">"""</span>
<span class="sd"> Return the collected data</span>
<span class="sd"> @return: a list with the collected data</span>
<span class="sd"> """</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_data</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">__name__</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="s">'__main__'</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">logging</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">basicConfig</span><span class="p">(</span>
<span class="n">level</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">logging</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">DEBUG</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">format</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s">'</span><span class="si">%(levelname)-8s</span><span class="s"> </span><span class="si">%(asctime)s</span><span class="s"> </span><span class="si">%(name)s</span><span class="s">: </span><span class="si">%(message)s</span><span class="s">'</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">tau</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mf">1.</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="mi">60</span> <span class="c"># Step size 1min</span>
<span class="n">aggSteps</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">15</span> <span class="c"># Aggregate consumption in 15min blocks</span>
<span class="n">params</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s">'tau'</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">tau</span><span class="p">}</span>
<span class="n">sim</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Simulation</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="n">fridge</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Fridge</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sim</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">**</span><span class="n">params</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">observer</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">FridgeObserver</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sim</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="n">fridge</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">tau</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">aggSteps</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">sim</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">activate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">fridge</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">fridge</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">run</span><span class="p">(),</span> <span class="n">at</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">sim</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">activate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">observer</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">observer</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">run</span><span class="p">(),</span> <span class="n">at</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">sim</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">simulate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">until</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">4</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">tau</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">print</span> <span class="n">observer</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">getData</span><span class="p">()</span>
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