/usr/include/deal.II/base/parameter_handler.h is in libdeal.ii-dev 8.1.0-4.
This file is owned by root:root, with mode 0o644.
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// $Id: parameter_handler.h 31584 2013-11-08 05:08:26Z bangerth $
//
// Copyright (C) 1998 - 2013 by the deal.II authors
//
// This file is part of the deal.II library.
//
// The deal.II library is free software; you can use it, redistribute
// it, and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General
// Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
// version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
// The full text of the license can be found in the file LICENSE at
// the top level of the deal.II distribution.
//
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------
#ifndef __deal2__parameter_handler_h
#define __deal2__parameter_handler_h
#include <deal.II/base/config.h>
#include <deal.II/base/exceptions.h>
#include <deal.II/base/subscriptor.h>
#include <deal.II/base/std_cxx1x/shared_ptr.h>
#include <boost/property_tree/ptree_fwd.hpp>
#include <boost/serialization/split_member.hpp>
#include <map>
#include <vector>
#include <string>
#include <memory>
DEAL_II_NAMESPACE_OPEN
//TODO: Allow long input lines to be broken by appending a backslash character
// public classes; to be declared below
class ParameterHandler;
class MultipleParameterLoop;
// forward declaration
class LogStream;
/**
* Namespace for a few classes that act as patterns for the ParameterHandler
* class. These classes implement an interface that checks whether a parameter
* in an input file matches a certain pattern, such as "being boolean", "an
* integer value", etc.
*
* @ingroup input
*/
namespace Patterns
{
/**
* Base class to declare common interface. The purpose of this class is
* mostly to define the interface of patterns, and to force derived
* classes to have a <tt>clone</tt> function. It is thus, in the
* languages of the "Design Patterns" book (Gamma et al.), a "prototype".
*/
class PatternBase
{
public:
/**
* Make destructor of this and all derived classes virtual.
*/
virtual ~PatternBase ();
/**
* Return <tt>true</tt> if the given string matches the pattern.
*/
virtual bool match (const std::string &test_string) const = 0;
/**
* Return a string describing the pattern.
*/
virtual std::string description () const = 0;
/**
* Return a pointer to an exact copy of the object. This is necessary
* since we want to store objects of this type in containers, were we
* need to copy objects without knowledge of their actual data type (we
* only have pointers to the base class).
*
* Ownership of the objects returned by this function is passed to the
* caller of this function.
*/
virtual PatternBase *clone () const = 0;
/**
* Determine an estimate for the memory consumption (in bytes) of this
* object. To avoid unnecessary overhead, we do not force derived
* classes to provide this function as a virtual overloaded one, but
* rather try to cast the present object to one of the known derived
* classes and if that fails then take the size of this base class
* instead and add 32 byte (this value is arbitrary, it should account
* for virtual function tables, and some possible data elements). Since
* there are usually not many thousands of objects of this type around,
* and since the memory_consumption mechanism is used to find out where
* memory in the range of many megabytes is, this seems like a
* reasonable approximation.
*
* On the other hand, if you know that your class deviates from this
* assumption significantly, you can still overload this function.
*/
virtual std::size_t memory_consumption () const;
};
/**
* Returns pointer to the correct derived class based on description.
*/
PatternBase *pattern_factory (const std::string &description);
/**
* Test for the string being an integer. If bounds are given to the
* constructor, then the integer given also needs to be within the
* interval specified by these bounds. Note that unlike common convention
* in the C++ standard library, both bounds of this interval are
* inclusive; the reason is that in practice in most cases, one needs
* closed intervals, but these can only be realized with inclusive bounds
* for non-integer values. We thus stay consistent by always using closed
* intervals.
*
* If the upper bound given to the constructor is smaller than the lower
* bound, then the infinite interval is implied, i.e. every integer is
* allowed.
*
* Giving bounds may be useful if for example a value can only be
* positive and less than a reasonable upper bound (for example the
* number of refinement steps to be performed), or in many other cases.
*/
class Integer : public PatternBase
{
public:
/**
* Minimal integer value. If the numeric_limits class is available use
* this information to obtain the extremal values, otherwise set it so
* that this class understands that all values are allowed.
*/
static const int min_int_value;
/**
* Maximal integer value. If the numeric_limits class is available use
* this information to obtain the extremal values, otherwise set it so
* that this class understands that all values are allowed.
*/
static const int max_int_value;
/**
* Constructor. Bounds can be specified within which a valid parameter
* has to be. If the upper bound is smaller than the lower bound, then
* the infinite interval is meant. The default values are chosen such
* that no bounds are enforced on parameters.
*/
Integer (const int lower_bound = min_int_value,
const int upper_bound = max_int_value);
/**
* Return <tt>true</tt> if the string is an integer and its value is
* within the specified range.
*/
virtual bool match (const std::string &test_string) const;
/**
* Return a description of the pattern that valid strings are expected
* to match. If bounds were specified to the constructor, then include
* them into this description.
*/
virtual std::string description () const;
/**
* Return a copy of the present object, which is newly allocated on the
* heap. Ownership of that object is transferred to the caller of this
* function.
*/
virtual PatternBase *clone () const;
/**
* Creates new object if the start of description matches
* description_init. Ownership of that object is transferred to the
* caller of this function.
*/
static Integer *create (const std::string &description);
private:
/**
* Value of the lower bound. A number that satisfies the @ref match
* operation of this class must be equal to this value or larger, if
* the bounds of the interval for a valid range.
*/
const int lower_bound;
/**
* Value of the upper bound. A number that satisfies the @ref match
* operation of this class must be equal to this value or less, if the
* bounds of the interval for a valid range.
*/
const int upper_bound;
/**
* Initial part of description
*/
static const char *description_init;
};
/**
* Test for the string being a <tt>double</tt>. If bounds are given to
* the constructor, then the integer given also needs to be within the
* interval specified by these bounds. Note that unlike common convention
* in the C++ standard library, both bounds of this interval are
* inclusive; the reason is that in practice in most cases, one needs
* closed intervals, but these can only be realized with inclusive bounds
* for non-integer values. We thus stay consistent by always using closed
* intervals.
*
* If the upper bound given to the constructor is smaller than the lower
* bound, then the infinite interval is implied, i.e. every integer is
* allowed.
*
* Giving bounds may be useful if for example a value can only be
* positive and less than a reasonable upper bound (for example damping
* parameters are frequently only reasonable if between zero and one), or
* in many other cases.
*/
class Double : public PatternBase
{
public:
/**
* Minimal double value. If the <tt>std::numeric_limits</tt> class is
* available use this information to obtain the extremal values,
* otherwise set it so that this class understands that all values are
* allowed.
*/
static const double min_double_value;
/**
* Maximal double value. If the numeric_limits class is available use
* this information to obtain the extremal values, otherwise set it so
* that this class understands that all values are allowed.
*/
static const double max_double_value;
/**
* Constructor. Bounds can be specified within which a valid parameter
* has to be. If the upper bound is smaller than the lower bound, then
* the infinite interval is meant. The default values are chosen such
* that no bounds are enforced on parameters.
*/
Double (const double lower_bound = min_double_value,
const double upper_bound = max_double_value);
/**
* Return <tt>true</tt> if the string is a number and its value is
* within the specified range.
*/
virtual bool match (const std::string &test_string) const;
/**
* Return a description of the pattern that valid strings are expected
* to match. If bounds were specified to the constructor, then include
* them into this description.
*/
virtual std::string description () const;
/**
* Return a copy of the present object, which is newly allocated on the
* heap. Ownership of that object is transferred to the caller of this
* function.
*/
virtual PatternBase *clone () const;
/**
* Creates new object if the start of description matches
* description_init. Ownership of that object is transferred to the
* caller of this function.
*/
static Double *create (const std::string &description);
private:
/**
* Value of the lower bound. A number that satisfies the @ref match
* operation of this class must be equal to this value or larger, if
* the bounds of the interval for a valid range.
*/
const double lower_bound;
/**
* Value of the upper bound. A number that satisfies the @ref match
* operation of this class must be equal to this value or less, if the
* bounds of the interval for a valid range.
*/
const double upper_bound;
/**
* Initial part of description
*/
static const char *description_init;
};
/**
* Test for the string being one of a sequence of values given like a
* regular expression. For example, if the string given to the
* constructor is <tt>"red|blue|black"</tt>, then the @ref match function
* returns <tt>true</tt> exactly if the string is either "red" or "blue"
* or "black". Spaces around the pipe signs do not matter and are
* eliminated.
*/
class Selection : public PatternBase
{
public:
/**
* Constructor. Take the given parameter as the specification of valid
* strings.
*/
Selection (const std::string &seq);
/**
* Return <tt>true</tt> if the string is an element of the description
* list passed to the constructor.
*/
virtual bool match (const std::string &test_string) const;
/**
* Return a description of the pattern that valid strings are expected
* to match. Here, this is the list of valid strings passed to the
* constructor.
*/
virtual std::string description () const;
/**
* Return a copy of the present object, which is newly allocated on the
* heap. Ownership of that object is transferred to the caller of this
* function.
*/
virtual PatternBase *clone () const;
/**
* Determine an estimate for the memory consumption (in bytes) of this
* object.
*/
std::size_t memory_consumption () const;
/**
* Creates new object if the start of description matches
* description_init. Ownership of that object is transferred to the
* caller of this function.
*/
static Selection *create (const std::string &description);
private:
/**
* List of valid strings as passed to the constructor. We don't make
* this string constant, as we process it somewhat in the constructor.
*/
std::string sequence;
/**
* Initial part of description
*/
static const char *description_init;
};
/**
* This pattern matches a list of values separated by commas (or another
* string), each of which
* have to match a pattern given to the constructor. With two additional
* parameters, the number of elements this list has to have can be
* specified. If none is specified, the list may have zero or more
* entries.
*/
class List : public PatternBase
{
public:
/**
* Maximal integer value. If the numeric_limits class is available use
* this information to obtain the extremal values, otherwise set it so
* that this class understands that all values are allowed.
*/
static const unsigned int max_int_value;
/**
* Constructor. Take the given parameter as the specification of valid
* elements of the list.
*
* The three other arguments can be used to denote minimal and maximal
* allowable lengths of the list, and the string that is used as a
* separator between elements of the list.
*/
List (const PatternBase &base_pattern,
const unsigned int min_elements = 0,
const unsigned int max_elements = max_int_value,
const std::string &separator = ",");
/**
* Destructor.
*/
virtual ~List ();
/**
* Return <tt>true</tt> if the
* string is a comma-separated list of strings each of which match the
* pattern given to the constructor.
*/
virtual bool match (const std::string &test_string) const;
/**
* Return a description of the pattern that valid strings are expected
* to match.
*/
virtual std::string description () const;
/**
* Return a copy of the present object, which is newly allocated on the
* heap. Ownership of that object is transferred to the caller of this
* function.
*/
virtual PatternBase *clone () const;
/**
* Creates new object if the start of description matches
* description_init. Ownership of that object is transferred to the
* caller of this function.
*/
static List *create (const std::string &description);
/**
* Determine an estimate for the memory consumption (in bytes) of this
* object.
*/
std::size_t memory_consumption () const;
/** @addtogroup Exceptions
* @{ */
/**
* Exception.
*/
DeclException2 (ExcInvalidRange,
int, int,
<< "The values " << arg1 << " and " << arg2
<< " do not form a valid range.");
//@}
private:
/**
* Copy of the pattern that each element of the list has to satisfy.
*/
PatternBase *pattern;
/**
* Minimum number of elements the list must have.
*/
const unsigned int min_elements;
/**
* Maximum number of elements the list must have.
*/
const unsigned int max_elements;
/**
* Separator between elements of the list.
*/
const std::string separator;
/**
* Initial part of description
*/
static const char *description_init;
};
/**
* This pattern matches a list of comma-separated values each of which
* denotes a pair of key and value. Both key and value have to match a
* pattern given to the constructor. For each entry of the map,
* parameters have to be entered in the form <code>key: value</code>. In
* other words, a map is described in the form
* <code>key1: value1, key2: value2, key3: value3, ...</code>. A constructor
* argument allows to choose a delimiter between pairs other than the comma.
*
* With two additional parameters, the number of elements this list has
* to have can be specified. If none is specified, the map may have zero
* or more entries.
*/
class Map : public PatternBase
{
public:
/**
* Maximal integer value. If the numeric_limits class is available use
* this information to obtain the extremal values, otherwise set it so
* that this class understands that all values are allowed.
*/
static const unsigned int max_int_value;
/**
* Constructor. Take the given parameter as the specification of valid
* elements of the list.
*
* The three other arguments can be used to denote minimal and maximal
* allowable lengths of the list as well as the separator used to delimit
* pairs of the map.
*/
Map (const PatternBase &key_pattern,
const PatternBase &value_pattern,
const unsigned int min_elements = 0,
const unsigned int max_elements = max_int_value,
const std::string &separator = ",");
/**
* Destructor.
*/
virtual ~Map ();
/**
* Return <tt>true</tt> if the string is a comma-separated list of
* strings each of which match the pattern given to the constructor.
*/
virtual bool match (const std::string &test_string) const;
/**
* Return a description of the pattern that valid strings are expected
* to match.
*/
virtual std::string description () const;
/**
* Return a copy of the present object, which is newly allocated on the
* heap. Ownership of that object is transferred to the caller of this
* function.
*/
virtual PatternBase *clone () const;
/**
* Creates new object if the start of description matches
* description_init. Ownership of that object is transferred to the
* caller of this function.
*/
static Map *create (const std::string &description);
/**
* Determine an estimate for the memory consumption (in bytes) of this
* object.
*/
std::size_t memory_consumption () const;
/** @addtogroup Exceptions
* @{ */
/**
* Exception.
*/
DeclException2 (ExcInvalidRange,
int, int,
<< "The values " << arg1 << " and " << arg2
<< " do not form a valid range.");
//@}
private:
/**
* Copy of the patterns that each key and each value of the map has to
* satisfy.
*/
PatternBase *key_pattern;
PatternBase *value_pattern;
/**
* Minimum number of elements the list must have.
*/
const unsigned int min_elements;
/**
* Maximum number of elements the list must have.
*/
const unsigned int max_elements;
/**
* Separator between elements of the list.
*/
const std::string separator;
/**
* Initial part of description
*/
static const char *description_init;
};
/**
* This class is much like the Selection class, but it allows the input
* to be a comma-separated list of values which each have to be given in
* the constructor argument. Alternatively, it could be viewed as a
* specialization of the List class. For example, if the string to the
* constructor was <tt>"ucd|gmv|eps"</tt>, then the following would be
* legal input: <tt>eps</tt>, <tt>gmv</tt>. You may give an arbitrarily
* long list of values, where there may be as many spaces around commas
* as you like. However, commas are not allowed inside the values given
* to the constructor.
*/
class MultipleSelection : public PatternBase
{
public:
/**
* Constructor. Take the given parameter as the specification of valid
* strings.
*/
MultipleSelection (const std::string &seq);
/**
* Return <tt>true</tt> if the string is an element of the description
* list passed to the constructor.
*/
virtual bool match (const std::string &test_string) const;
/**
* Return a description of the pattern that valid strings are expected
* to match. Here, this is the list of valid strings passed to the
* constructor.
*/
virtual std::string description () const;
/**
* Return a copy of the present object, which is newly allocated on the
* heap. Ownership of that object is transferred to the caller of this
* function.
*/
virtual PatternBase *clone () const;
/**
* Creates new object if the start of description matches
* description_init. Ownership of that object is transferred to the
* caller of this function.
*/
static MultipleSelection *create (const std::string &description);
/**
* Determine an estimate for the memory consumption (in bytes) of this
* object.
*/
std::size_t memory_consumption () const;
/** @addtogroup Exceptions
* @{ */
/**
* Exception.
*/
DeclException1 (ExcCommasNotAllowed,
int,
<< "A comma was found at position " << arg1
<< " of your input string, but commas are not allowed here.");
//@}
private:
/**
* List of valid strings as passed to the constructor. We don't make
* this string constant, as we process it somewhat in the constructor.
*/
std::string sequence;
/**
* Initial part of description
*/
static const char *description_init;
};
/**
* Test for the string being either "true" or "false". This is mapped to
* the Selection class.
*/
class Bool : public Selection
{
public:
/**
* Constructor.
*/
Bool ();
/**
* Return a description of the pattern that valid strings are expected
* to match.
*/
virtual std::string description () const;
/**
* Return a copy of the present object, which is newly allocated on the
* heap. Ownership of that object is transferred to the caller of this
* function.
*/
virtual PatternBase *clone () const;
/**
* Creates new object if the start of description matches
* description_init. Ownership of that object is transferred to the
* caller of this function.
*/
static Bool *create (const std::string &description);
private:
/**
* Initial part of description
*/
static const char *description_init;
};
/**
* Always returns <tt>true</tt> when testing a string.
*/
class Anything : public PatternBase
{
public:
/**
* Constructor. (Allow for at least one non-virtual function in this
* class, as otherwise sometimes no virtual table is emitted.)
*/
Anything ();
/**
* Return <tt>true</tt> if the string matches its constraints, i.e.
* always.
*/
virtual bool match (const std::string &test_string) const;
/**
* Return a description of the pattern that valid strings are expected
* to match. Here, this is the string <tt>"[Anything]"</tt>.
*/
virtual std::string description () const;
/**
* Return a copy of the present object, which is newly allocated on the
* heap. Ownership of that object is transferred to the caller of this
* function.
*/
virtual PatternBase *clone () const;
/**
* Creates new object if the start of description matches
* description_init. Ownership of that object is transferred to the
* caller of this function.
*/
static Anything *create (const std::string &description);
private:
/**
* Initial part of description
*/
static const char *description_init;
};
/**
* A pattern that can be used to indicate when a parameter is intended to
* be the name of a file. By itself, this class does not check whether
* the string that is given in a parameter file actually corresponds to
* an existing file (it could, for example, be the name of a file to
* which you want to write output). Functionally, the class is therefore
* equivalent to the Anything class. However, it allows to specify the
* <i>intent</i> of a parameter. The flag given to the constructor also
* allows to specify whether the file is supposed to be an input or
* output file.
*
* The reason for the existence of this class is to support graphical
* user interfaces for editing parameter files. These may open a file
* selection dialog if the filename is supposed to represent an input
* file.
*/
class FileName : public PatternBase
{
public:
/**
* Files can be used for input or output. This can be specified in the
* constructor by choosing the flag <tt>type</tt>.
*/
enum FileType {input = 0, output = 1};
/**
* Constructor. The type of the file can be specified by choosing the
* flag.
*/
FileName (const FileType type = input);
/**
* Return <tt>true</tt> if the string matches its constraints, i.e.
* always.
*/
virtual bool match (const std::string &test_string) const;
/**
* Return a description of the pattern that valid strings are expected
* to match. Here, this is the string <tt>"[Filename]"</tt>.
*/
virtual std::string description () const;
/**
* Return a copy of the present object, which is newly allocated on the
* heap. Ownership of that object is transferred to the caller of this
* function.
*/
virtual PatternBase *clone () const;
/**
* file type flag
*/
FileType file_type;
/**
* Creates new object if the start of description matches
* description_init. Ownership of that object is transferred to the
* caller of this function.
*/
static FileName *create (const std::string &description);
private:
/**
* Initial part of description
*/
static const char *description_init;
};
/**
* A pattern that can be used to indicate when a parameter is intended to
* be the name of a directory. By itself, this class does not check
* whether the string that is given in a parameter file actually
* corresponds to an existing directory. Functionally, the class is
* therefore equivalent to the Anything class. However, it allows to
* specify the <i>intent</i> of a parameter.
*
* The reason for the existence of this class is to support graphical
* user interfaces for editing parameter files. These may open a file
* selection dialog to select or create a directory.
*/
class DirectoryName : public PatternBase
{
public:
/**
* Constructor.
*/
DirectoryName ();
/**
* Return <tt>true</tt> if the string matches its constraints, i.e.
* always.
*/
virtual bool match (const std::string &test_string) const;
/**
* Return a description of the pattern that valid strings are expected
* to match. Here, this is the string <tt>"[Filename]"</tt>.
*/
virtual std::string description () const;
/**
* Return a copy of the present object, which is newly allocated on the
* heap. Ownership of that object is transferred to the caller of this
* function.
*/
virtual PatternBase *clone () const;
/**
* Creates new object if the start of description matches
* description_init. Ownership of that object is transferred to the
* caller of this function.
*/
static DirectoryName *create (const std::string &description);
private:
/**
* Initial part of description
*/
static const char *description_init;
};
}
/**
* The ParameterHandler class provides a standard interface to an input
* file which provides at run-time for program parameters such as time
* step sizes, geometries, right hand sides etc. The input for the
* program is given in files, streams or strings in memory using text
* like
* @code
* set Time step size = 0.3
* set Geometry = [0,1]x[0,3]
* @endcode
* Input may be sorted into subsection trees in order to give the input a
* logical structure, and input files may include other files.
*
* The ParameterHandler class is discussed in detail in the @ref step_19
* "step-19" example program, and is used in more realistic situations in
* step-29, step-33 and step-34.
*
* <h3>Declaring entries</h3>
*
* In order to use the facilities of a ParameterHandler object, one first
* has to make known the different entries the input file may or may not
* contain. This is done in the following way:
*
* @code
* ...
* ParameterHandler prm;
* prm.declare_entry ("Time step size",
* "0.2",
* Patterns::Double(),
* "Some documentation");
* prm.declare_entry ("Geometry",
* "[0,1]x[0,1]",
* Patterns::Anything());
* ...
* @endcode
* Each entry is declared using the function declare_entry(). The first
* parameter is the name of the entry (in short: the entry). The second
* is the default answer to be taken in case the entry is not specified
* in the input file. The third parameter is a regular expression which
* the input (and the default answer) has to match. Several such regular
* expressions are defined in Patterns. This parameter can be omitted, in
* which case it will default to Patterns::Anything, i.e. a pattern that
* matches every input string. The fourth parameter can be used to
* document the intent or expected format of an entry; its value is
* printed as a comment when writing all entries of a ParameterHandler
* object using the print_parameters() function to allow for easier
* understanding of a parameter file. It can be omitted as well, in which
* case no such documentation will be printed.
*
* Entries may be located in subsections which form a kind of input tree.
* For example input parameters for linear solver routines should be
* classified in a subsection named <tt>Linear solver</tt> or any other
* suitable name. This is accomplished in the following way:
* @code
* ...
* LinEq eq;
* eq.declare_parameters (prm);
* ...
*
* void LinEq::declare_parameters (ParameterHandler &prm) {
* prm.enter_subsection("Linear solver");
* {
* prm.declare_entry ("Solver",
* "CG",
* Patterns::Selection("CG|GMRES|GaussElim"),
* "Name of a linear solver for the inner iteration");
* prm.declare_entry ("Maximum number of iterations",
* "20",
* ParameterHandler::RegularExpressions::Integer());
* ...
* }
* prm.leave_subsection ();
* }
* @endcode
*
* Subsections may be nested. For example a nonlinear solver may have a
* linear solver as member object. Then the function call tree would be
* something like (if the class <tt>NonLinEq</tt> has a member variables
* <tt>eq</tt> of type <tt>LinEq</tt>):
* @code
* void NonLinEq::declare_parameters (ParameterHandler &prm) {
* prm.enter_subsection ("Nonlinear solver");
* {
* prm.declare_entry ("Nonlinear method",
* "Newton-Raphson",
* ParameterHandler::RegularExpressions::Anything());
* eq.declare_parameters (prm);
* }
* prm.leave_subsection ();
* }
* @endcode
*
* For class member functions which declare the different entries we
* propose to use the common name <tt>declare_parameters</tt>. In normal
* cases this method can be <tt>static</tt> since the entries will not
* depend on any previous knowledge. Classes for which entries should
* logically be grouped into subsections should declare these subsections
* themselves. If a class has two or more member variables of the same
* type both of which should have their own parameters, this parent
* class' method <tt>declare_parameters</tt> is responsible to group them
* into different subsections:
* @code
* void NonLinEq::declare_parameters (ParameterHandler &prm) {
* prm.enter_subsection ("Nonlinear solver");
* {
* prm.enter_subsection ("Linear solver 1");
* {
* eq1.declare_parameters (prm);
* }
* prm.leave_subsection ();
*
* prm.enter_subsection ("Linear solver 2");
* {
* eq2.declare_parameters (prm);
* }
* prm.leave_subsection ();
* }
* prm.leave_subsection ();
* }
* @endcode
*
*
* <h3>Input files and special characters</h3>
*
* For the first example above the input file would look like the following:
* @code
* ...
* subsection Nonlinear solver
* set Nonlinear method = Gradient
* # this is a comment
* subsection Linear solver
* set Solver = CG
* set Maxmimum number of iterations = 30
* end
* end
* ... # other stuff
* @endcode
* The words <tt>subsection</tt>, <tt>set</tt> and <tt>end</tt> may be
* either written in lowercase or uppercase letters. Leading and trailing
* whitespace is removed, multiple whitespace is condensed into only one.
* Since the latter applies also to the name of an entry, an entry name
* will not be recognized if in the declaration multiple whitespace is
* used.
*
* In entry names and values the following characters are not allowed:
* <tt>\#</tt>, <tt>{</tt>, <tt>}</tt>, <tt>|</tt>. Their use is reserved
* for the MultipleParameterLoop class.
*
* Comments starting with \# are skipped.
*
* We propose to use the following scheme to name entries: start the
* first word with a capital letter and use lowercase letters further on.
* The same applies to the possible entry values to the right of the
* <tt>=</tt> sign.
*
*
* <h3>Including other input files</h3>
*
* An input file can include other include files using the syntax
* @code
* ...
* include some_other_file.prm
* ...
* @endcode
* The file so referenced is searched for relative to the current
* directory (not relative to the directory in which the including
* parameter file is located, since this is not known to all three
* versions of the read_input() function).
*
*
* <h3>Reading data from input sources</h3>
*
* In order to read input there are three possibilities: reading from
* an <tt>std::istream</tt> object, reading from a file of which the name
* is given and reading from a string in memory in which the lines are
* separated by <tt>@\n</tt> characters. These possibilities are used as
* follows:
* @code
* ParameterHandler prm;
* ...
* // declaration of entries
* ...
* prm.read_input (cin); // read input from standard in,
* // or
* prm.read_input ("simulation.in");
* // or
* char *in = "set Time step size = 0.3 \n ...";
* prm.read_input_from_string (in);
* ...
* @endcode
* You can use several sources of input successively. Entries which are
* changed more than once will be overwritten every time they are used.
*
* You should not try to declare entries using declare_entry() and
* enter_subsection() with as yet unknown subsection names after
* using read_input(). The results in this case are unspecified.
*
* If an error occurs upon reading the input, error messages are written
* to <tt>std::cerr</tt> and the reader function returns with a return
* value of <code>false</code>. This is opposed to almost all other
* functions in deal.II, which would normally throw an exception if an
* error occurs; this difference in behavior is a relic of the fact that
* this class predates deal.II and had previously been written for a
* different project.
*
*
* <h3>Using the %ParameterHandler Graphical User Interface</h3>
*
* An alternative to using the hand-written input files shown above is to
* use the graphical user interface (GUI) that accompanies this class.
* For this, you first need to write a description of all the parameters,
* their default values, patterns and documentation strings into a file
* in a format that the GUI can understand; this is done using the
* ParameterHandler::print_parameters() function with
* ParameterHandler::XML as second argument, as discussed in more detail
* below in the <i>Representation of Parameters</i> section. This file
* can then be loaded using the executable for the GUI, which should be
* located in <code>lib/bin/dealii_parameter_gui</code> of your deal.II
* installation, assuming that you have a sufficiently recent version of
* the <a href="http://qt.nokia.com/">Qt toolkit</a> installed.
*
* Once loaded, the GUI displays subsections and individual parameters in
* tree form (see also the discussion in the <i>Representation of
* Parameters</i> section below). Here is a screen shot
* with some sub-sections expanded and one parameter selected for
* editing:
*
* @image html parameter_gui.png "Parameter GUI"
*
* Using the GUI, you can edit the values of individual parameters and
* save the result in the same format as before. It can then be read in
* using the ParameterHandler::read_input_from_xml() function.
*
*
* <h3>Getting entry values out of a %ParameterHandler object</h3>
*
* Each class gets its data out of a ParameterHandler object by
* calling the get() member functions like this:
* @code
* void NonLinEq::get_parameters (ParameterHandler &prm) {
* prm.enter_subsection ("Nonlinear solver");
* std::string method = prm.get ("Nonlinear method");
* eq.get_parameters (prm);
* prm.leave_subsection ();
* }
* @endcode
* get() returns the value of the given entry. If the entry was not
* specified in the input source(s), the default value is returned. You
* have to enter and leave subsections exactly as you did when declaring
* subsection. You may chose the order in which to transverse the
* subsection tree.
*
* It is guaranteed that only entries matching the given regular
* expression are returned, i.e. an input entry value which does not
* match the regular expression is not stored.
*
* You can use get() to retrieve the parameter in text form,
* get_integer() to get an integer or get_double() to get a double. You
* can also use get_bool(). It will cause an internal error if the string
* could not be converted to an integer, double or a bool. This should,
* though, not happen if you correctly specified the regular expression
* for this entry; you should not try to get out an integer or a double
* from an entry for which no according regular expression was set. The
* internal error is raised through the Assert() macro family which only
* works in debug mode.
*
* If you want to print out all user selectable features, use the
* print_parameters() function. It is generally a good idea to print all
* parameters at the beginning of a log file, since this way input and
* output are together in one file which makes matching at a later time
* easier. Additionally, the function also print those entries which have
* not been modified in the input file und are thus set to default
* values; since default values may change in the process of program
* development, you cannot know the values of parameters not specified in
* the input file.
*
*
* <h3>Style guide for data retrieval</h3>
*
* We propose that every class which gets data out of a ParameterHandler
* object provides a function named <tt>get_parameters</tt>. This should
* be declared <tt>virtual</tt>. <tt>get_parameters</tt> functions in
* derived classes should call the <tt>BaseClass::get_parameters</tt>
* function.
*
*
* <h3>Experience with large parameter lists</h3>
*
* Experience has shown that in programs defining larger numbers of
* parameters (more than, say, fifty) it is advantageous to define an
* additional class holding these parameters. This class is more like a
* C-style structure, having a large number of variables, usually public.
* It then has at least two functions, which declare and parse the
* parameters. In the main program, the main class has an object of this
* parameter class and delegates declaration and parsing of parameters to
* this object.
*
* The advantage of this approach is that you can keep out the technical
* details (declaration and parsing) out of the main class and
* additionally don't clutter up your main class with dozens or more
* variables denoting the parameters.
*
*
*
* <h3>Worked Example</h3>
*
* This is the code:
* @code
* #include <iostream>
* #include "../include/parameter_handler.h"
*
* using namespace dealii;
*
* class LinEq {
* public:
* static void declare_parameters (ParameterHandler &prm);
* void get_parameters (ParameterHandler &prm);
* private:
* std::string Method;
* int MaxIterations;
* };
*
*
* class Problem {
* private:
* LinEq eq1, eq2;
* std::string Matrix1, Matrix2;
* std::string outfile;
* public:
* static void declare_parameters (ParameterHandler &prm);
* void get_parameters (ParameterHandler &prm);
* };
*
*
*
* void LinEq::declare_parameters (ParameterHandler &prm) {
* // declare parameters for the linear
* // solver in a subsection
* prm.enter_subsection ("Linear solver");
* prm.declare_entry ("Solver",
* "CG",
* Patterns::Selection("CG|BiCGStab|GMRES"),
* "Name of a linear solver for the inner iteration");
* prm.declare_entry ("Maximum number of iterations",
* "20",
* Patterns::Integer());
* prm.leave_subsection ();
* }
*
*
* void LinEq::get_parameters (ParameterHandler &prm) {
* prm.enter_subsection ("Linear solver");
* Method = prm.get ("Solver");
* MaxIterations = prm.get_integer ("Maximum number of iterations");
* prm.leave_subsection ();
* std::cout << " LinEq: Method=" << Method << ", MaxIterations=" << MaxIterations << std::endl;
* }
*
*
*
* void Problem::declare_parameters (ParameterHandler &prm) {
* // first some global parameter entries
* prm.declare_entry ("Output file",
* "out",
* Patterns::Anything(),
* "Name of the output file, either relative to the present"
* "path or absolute");
* prm.declare_entry ("Equation 1",
* "Laplace",
* Patterns::Anything(),
* "String identifying the equation we want to solve");
* prm.declare_entry ("Equation 2",
* "Elasticity",
* Patterns::Anything());
*
* // declare parameters for the
* // first equation
* prm.enter_subsection ("Equation 1");
* prm.declare_entry ("Matrix type",
* "Sparse",
* Patterns::Selection("Full|Sparse|Diagonal"),
* "Type of the matrix to be used, either full,"
* "sparse, or diagonal");
* LinEq::declare_parameters (prm); // for eq1
* prm.leave_subsection ();
*
* // declare parameters for the
* // second equation
* prm.enter_subsection ("Equation 2");
* prm.declare_entry ("Matrix type",
* "Sparse",
* Patterns::Selection("Full|Sparse|Diagonal"));
* LinEq::declare_parameters (prm); // for eq2
* prm.leave_subsection ();
* }
*
*
* void Problem::get_parameters (ParameterHandler &prm) {
* // entries of the problem class
* outfile = prm.get ("Output file");
*
* std::string equation1 = prm.get ("Equation 1"),
* equation2 = prm.get ("Equation 2");
*
* // get parameters for the
* // first equation
* prm.enter_subsection ("Equation 1");
* Matrix1 = prm.get ("Matrix type");
* eq1.get_parameters (prm); // for eq1
* prm.leave_subsection ();
*
* // get parameters for the
* // second equation
* prm.enter_subsection ("Equation 2");
* Matrix2 = prm.get ("Matrix type");
* eq2.get_parameters (prm); // for eq2
* prm.leave_subsection ();
*
* std::cout << " Problem: outfile=" << outfile << std::endl
* << " eq1=" << equation1 << ", eq2=" << equation2 << std::endl
* << " Matrix1=" << Matrix1 << ", Matrix2=" << Matrix2 << std::endl;
* }
*
*
*
*
* void main () {
* ParameterHandler prm;
* Problem p;
*
* p.declare_parameters (prm);
*
* // read input from "prmtest.prm"; giving
* // argv[1] would also be a good idea
* prm.read_input ("prmtest.prm");
*
* // print parameters to std::cout as ASCII text
* std::cout << std::endl << std::endl;
* prm.print_parameters (std::cout, ParameterHandler::Text);
*
* // get parameters into the program
* std::cout << std::endl << std::endl
* << "Getting parameters:" << std::endl;
* p.get_parameters (prm);
*
* // now run the program with these
* // input parameters
* p.do_something ();
* }
* @endcode
*
*
* This is the input file (named "prmtest.prm"):
* @code
* # first declare the types of equations
* set Equation 1 = Poisson
* set Equation 2 = Navier-Stokes
*
* subsection Equation 1
* set Matrix type = Sparse
* subsection Linear solver # parameters for linear solver 1
* set Solver = Gauss-Seidel
* set Maximum number of iterations = 40
* end
* end
*
* subsection Equation 2
* set Matrix type = Full
* subsection Linear solver
* set Solver = CG
* set Maximum number of iterations = 100
* end
* end
* @endcode
*
* And here is the output of the program:
* @code
* Line 8:
* The entry value
* Gauss-Seidel
* for the entry named
* Solver
* does not match the given regular expression
* CG|BiCGStab|GMRES
*
*
* Listing of Parameters
* ---------------------
* set Equation 1 = Poisson # Laplace
* set Equation 2 = Navier-Stokes # Elasticity
* set Output file = out
* subsection Equation 1
* set Matrix type = Sparse # Sparse
* subsection Linear solver
* set Maximum number of iterations = 40 # 20
* set Solver = CG
* end
* end
* subsection Equation 2
* set Matrix type = Full # Sparse
* subsection Linear solver
* set Maximum number of iterations = 100 # 20
* set Solver = CG # CG
* end
* end
*
*
* Getting parameters:
* LinEq: Method=CG, MaxIterations=40
* LinEq: Method=CG, MaxIterations=100
* Problem: outfile=out
* eq1=Poisson, eq2=Navier-Stokes
* Matrix1=Sparse, Matrix2=Full
* @endcode
*
*
*
* <h3>Representation of Parameters</h3>
*
* Here is some more internal information about the repesentation of
* parameters:
*
* Logically, parameters and the nested sections they are arranged in can be
* thought of as a hierarchical directory structure, or a tree. Take, for
* example, the following code declaring a set of parameters and sections
* they live in:
* @code
* ParameterHandler prm;
*
* prm.declare_entry ("Maximal number of iterations",
* "10",
* Patterns::Integer (1, 1000),
* "A parameter that describes the maximal number of "
* "iterations the CG method is to take before giving "
* "up on a matrix.");
* prm.enter_subsection ("Preconditioner");
* {
* prm.declare_entry ("Kind",
* "SSOR",
* Patterns::Selection ("SSOR|Jacobi"),
* "A string that describes the kind of preconditioner "
* "to use.");
* prm.declare_entry ("Relaxation factor",
* "1.0",
* Patterns::Double (0, 1),
* "The numerical value (between zero and one) for the "
* "relaxation factor to use in the preconditioner.");
* }
* prm.leave_subsection ();
* @endcode
*
* We can think of the parameters so arranged as a file system in which
* every parameter is a directory. The name of this directory is the name
* of the parameter, and in this directory lie files that describe the
* parameter. These files are:
* - <code>value</code>: The content of this file is the current value of this
* parameter; initially, the content of the file equals the default value of
* the parameter.
* - <code>default_value</code>: The content of this file is the default value
* value of the parameter.
* - <code>pattern</code>: A textual representation of the pattern that describes
* the parameter's possible values.
* - <code>pattern_index</code>: A number that indexes the Patterns::PatternBase
* object that is used to describe the parameter.
* - <code>documentation</code>: The content of this file is the documentation
* given for a parameter as the last argument of the
* ParameterHandler::declare_entry call.
* With the exception of the <code>value</code> file, the contents of files
* are never changed after declaration of a parameter.
*
* Alternatively, a directory in this file system may not have a file
* called <code>value</code> in it. In that case, the directory
* represents a subsection as declared above, and the directory's name
* will correspond to the name of the subsection. It will then have no
* files in it at all, but it may have further directories in it: some of
* these directories will be parameters (indicates by the presence of
* files) or further nested subsections.
*
* Given this explanation, the code above will lead to a hierarchical
* representation of data that looks like this (the content of files is
* indicated at the right in a different font):
* @image html parameter_handler.png
* Once parameters have been read in, the contents of the <code>value</code>
* "files" may be different while the other files remain untouched.
*
* Using the ParameterHandler::print_parameters() function with
* ParameterHandler::XML as second argument, we can get a complete
* representation of this data structure in XML. It will look like
* this:
* @code
* <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
* <ParameterHandler>
* <Maximal_20number_20of_20iterations>
* <value>10</value>
* <default_value>10</default_value>
* <documentation>A parameter that describes the maximal number of iterations the CG method is to take before giving up on a matrix.</documentation>
* <pattern>0</pattern>
* <pattern_description>[Integer range 1...1000 (inclusive)]</pattern_description>
* </Maximal_20number_20of_20iterations>
* <Preconditioner>
* <Kind><value>SSOR</value>
* <default_value>SSOR</default_value>
* <documentation>A string that describes the kind of preconditioner to use.</documentation>
* <pattern>1</pattern>
* <pattern_description>SSOR|Jacobi</pattern_description>
* </Kind>
* <Relaxation_20factor>
* <value>1.0</value>
* <default_value>1.0</default_value>
* <documentation>The numerical value (between zero and one) for the relaxation factor to use in the preconditioner.</documentation>
* <pattern>2</pattern>
* <pattern_description>[Floating point range 0...1 (inclusive)]</pattern_description>
* </Relaxation_20factor>
* </Preconditioner>
* <ParameterHandler>
* @endcode
* This representation closely resembles the directory/file structure
* discussed above. The only difference is that directory and file
* names are mangled: since they should only contain letters and
* numbers, every character in their names that is not a letter or number
* is replaced
* by an underscore followed by its two-digit hexadecimal representation.
* In addition, the special name "value" is mangled when used as the
* name of a parameter, given that this name is also used to name
* special files in the hierarchy structure.
* Finally, the entire tree is wrapped into a tag
* <code>%ParameterHandler</code> to satisfy the XML requirement that there
* be only a single top-level construct in each file.
*
* The tree structure (and its XML representation) is what the graphical
* user interface (see above) uses to represent parameters like a
* directory/file collection.
*
*
* @ingroup input
* @author Wolfgang Bangerth, October 1997, revised February 1998, 2010, 2011
*/
class ParameterHandler : public Subscriptor
{
private:
/**
* Inhibit automatic CopyConstructor.
*/
ParameterHandler (const ParameterHandler &);
/**
* Inhibit automatic assignment operator.
*/
ParameterHandler &operator= (const ParameterHandler &);
public:
/**
* List of possible output formats.
*
* The formats down the list with prefix <em>Short</em> and bit 6 and 7
* set reproduce the old behavior of not writing comments or original
* values to the files.
*/
enum OutputStyle
{
/**
* Write human readable output suitable to be read by ParameterHandler
* again.
*/
Text = 1,
/**
* Write parameters as a LaTeX table.
*/
LaTeX = 2,
/**
* Write out declared parameters with description and possible values.
*/
Description = 3,
/**
* Write out everything as an <a
* href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XML">XML</a> file.
*
* See the general documentation of this class for an example of
* output.
*/
XML = 4,
/**
* Write out everything as a <a
* href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JSON">JSON</a> file.
*/
JSON = 5,
/**
* Write input for ParameterHandler without comments or changed default
* values.
*/
ShortText = 193
};
/**
* Constructor.
*/
ParameterHandler ();
/**
* Destructor. Declare this only to have a virtual destructor, which is
* safer as we have virtual functions. It actually does nothing
* spectacular.
*/
virtual ~ParameterHandler ();
/**
* Read input from a stream until the stream returns the <tt>eof</tt> condition
* or error. The second argument can be used to denote the name of the file
* (if that's what the input stream represents) we are reading from; this
* is only used when creating output for error messages.
*
* Return whether the read was successful.
*/
virtual bool read_input (std::istream &input,
const std::string &filename = "input file");
/**
* Read input from a file the name of which is given. The PathSearch
* class "PARAMETERS" is used to find the file.
*
* Return whether the read was successful.
*
* Unless <tt>optional</tt> is <tt>true</tt>, this function will
* automatically generate the requested file with default values if the
* file did not exist. This file will not contain additional comments if
* <tt>write_stripped_file</tt> is <tt>true</tt>.
*/
virtual bool read_input (const std::string &filename,
const bool optional = false,
const bool write_stripped_file = false);
/**
* Read input from a string in memory. The lines in memory have to be
* separated by <tt>@\n</tt> characters.
*
* Return whether the read was successful.
*/
virtual bool read_input_from_string (const char *s);
/**
* Read a parameter file in XML format. This could be from a file
* originally written by the print_parameters() function using the XML
* output style and then modified by hand as necessary; or from a file
* written using this method and then modified by the graphical parameter
* GUI (see the general documentation of this class).
*
* Return whether the read was successful.
*/
virtual bool read_input_from_xml (std::istream &input);
/**
* Clear all contents.
*/
void clear ();
/**
* Declare a new entry with name <tt>entry</tt>, default and for which
* any input has to match the <tt>pattern</tt> (default: any pattern).
*
* The last parameter defaulting to an empty string is used to add a
* documenting text to each entry which will be printed as a comment when
* this class is asked to write out all declarations to a stream using
* the print_parameters() function.
*
* The function generates an exception of type ExcValueDoesNotMatchPattern
* if the default value doesn't match the given pattern, using the C++
* throw mechanism. However, this exception is only generated <i>after</i>
* the entry has been created; if you have code where no sensible default
* value for a parameter is possible, you can then catch and ignore this
* exception.
*
* @note An entry can be declared more than once without
* generating an error, for example to override an earlier default value.
*/
void declare_entry (const std::string &entry,
const std::string &default_value,
const Patterns::PatternBase &pattern = Patterns::Anything(),
const std::string &documentation = std::string());
/**
* Enter a subsection; if not yet existent, declare it.
*/
void enter_subsection (const std::string &subsection);
/**
* Leave present subsection. Return <tt>false</tt> if there is no
* subsection to leave; <tt>true</tt> otherwise.
*/
bool leave_subsection ();
/**
* Return value of entry <tt>entry_string</tt>. If the entry was
* changed, then the changed value is returned, otherwise the default
* value. If the value of an undeclared entry is required, an exception
* will be thrown.
*/
std::string get (const std::string &entry_string) const;
/**
* Return value of entry <tt>entry_string</tt> as <tt>long int</tt>. (A
* long int is chosen so that even very large unsigned values can be
* returned by this function).
*/
long int get_integer (const std::string &entry_string) const;
/**
* Return value of entry <tt>entry_name</tt> as <tt>double</tt>.
*/
double get_double (const std::string &entry_name) const;
/**
* Return value of entry <tt>entry_name</tt> as <tt>bool</tt>. The entry
* may be "true" or "yes" for <tt>true</tt>, "false" or "no" for
* <tt>false</tt> respectively.
*/
bool get_bool (const std::string &entry_name) const;
/**
* Change the value presently stored for <tt>entry_name</tt> to the one
* given in the second argument.
*
* The parameter must already exist in the present subsection.
*
* The function throws an exception of type ExcValueDoesNotMatchPattern
* if the new value does not conform to the pattern for this entry.
*/
void set (const std::string &entry_name,
const std::string &new_value);
/**
* Same as above, but an overload where the second argument is a
* character pointer. This is necessary, since otherwise the call to
* <tt>set("abc","def")</code> will be mapped to the function taking one
* string and a bool as arguments, which is certainly not what is most
* often intended.
*
* The function throws an exception of type ExcValueDoesNotMatchPattern
* if the new value does not conform to the pattern for this entry.
*/
void set (const std::string &entry_name,
const char *new_value);
/**
* Change the value presently stored for <tt>entry_name</tt> to the one
* given in the second argument.
*
* The parameter must already exist in the present subsection.
*
* The function throws an exception of type ExcValueDoesNotMatchPattern
* if the new value does not conform to the pattern for this entry.
*/
void set (const std::string &entry_name,
const long int &new_value);
/**
* Change the value presently stored for <tt>entry_name</tt> to the one
* given in the second argument.
*
* The parameter must already exist in the present subsection.
*
* For internal purposes, the new value needs to be converted to a
* string. This is done using 16 digits of accuracy, so the set value and
* the one you can get back out using get_double() may differ in the 16th
* digit.
*
* The function throws an exception of type ExcValueDoesNotMatchPattern
* if the new value does not conform to the pattern for this entry.
*/
void set (const std::string &entry_name,
const double &new_value);
/**
* Change the value presently stored for <tt>entry_name</tt> to the one
* given in the second argument.
*
* The parameter must already exist in the present subsection.
*
* The function throws an exception of type ExcValueDoesNotMatchPattern
* if the new value does not conform to the pattern for this entry.
*/
void set (const std::string &entry_name,
const bool &new_value);
/**
* Print all parameters with the given style to <tt>out</tt>. Presently
* only <tt>Text</tt> and <tt>LaTeX</tt> are implemented.
*
* In <tt>Text</tt> format, the output is formatted in such a way that it
* is possible to use it for later input again. This is most useful to
* record the parameters for a specific run, since if you output the
* parameters using this function into a log file, you can always recover
* the results by simply copying the output to your input file.
*
* Besides the name and value of each entry, the output also contains the
* default value of entries if it is different from the actual value, as
* well as the documenting string given to the declare_entry() function
* if available.
*
* In <tt>Text</tt> format, the output contains the same information but
* in a format so that the resulting file can be input into a latex
* document such as a manual for the code for which this object handles
* run-time parameters. The various sections of parameters are then
* represented by latex section and subsection commands as well as by
* nested enumerations.
*
* In addition, all parameter names are listed with <code>@\index</code>
* statements in two indices called <code>prmindex</code> (where the name
* of each parameter is listed in the index) and
* <code>prmindexfull</code> where parameter names are listed sorted by
* the section in which they exist. By default, the LaTeX program ignores
* these <code>@\index</code> commands, but they can be used to generate
* an index by using the following commands in the preamble of the latex
* file:
* @code
* \usepackage{imakeidx}
* \makeindex[name=prmindex, title=Index of run-time parameter entries]
* \makeindex[name=prmindexfull, title=Index of run-time parameters with section names]
* @endcode
* and at the end of the file this:
* @code
* \printindex[prmindex]
* \printindex[prmindexfull]
* @endcode
*/
std::ostream &print_parameters (std::ostream &out,
const OutputStyle style);
/**
* Print out the parameters of the present subsection as given by the
* <tt>subsection_path</tt> member variable. This variable is controlled
* by entering and leaving subsections through the enter_subsection() and
* leave_subsection() functions.
*
* In most cases, you will not want to use this function directly, but
* have it called recursively by the previous function.
*/
void print_parameters_section (std::ostream &out,
const OutputStyle style,
const unsigned int indent_level);
/**
* Print parameters to a logstream. This function allows to print all
* parameters into a log-file. Sections will be indented in the usual
* log-file style.
*/
void log_parameters (LogStream &out);
/**
* Log parameters in the present subsection. The subsection is determined
* by the <tt>subsection_path</tt> member variable. This variable is
* controlled by entering and leaving subsections through the
* enter_subsection() and leave_subsection() functions.
*
* In most cases, you will not want to use this function directly, but
* have it called recursively by the previous function.
*/
void log_parameters_section (LogStream &out);
/**
* Determine an estimate for the memory consumption (in bytes) of this
* object.
*/
std::size_t memory_consumption () const;
/**
* Write the data of this object to a stream for the purpose of
* serialization.
*/
template <class Archive>
void save (Archive &ar, const unsigned int version) const;
/**
* Read the data of this object from a stream for the purpose of
* serialization.
*/
template <class Archive>
void load (Archive &ar, const unsigned int version);
BOOST_SERIALIZATION_SPLIT_MEMBER()
/**
* Test for equality.
*/
bool operator == (const ParameterHandler &prm2) const;
/** @addtogroup Exceptions
* @{ */
/**
* Exception
*/
DeclException1 (ExcEntryAlreadyExists,
std::string,
<< "The following entry already exists: " << arg1);
/**
* Exception
*/
DeclException2 (ExcValueDoesNotMatchPattern,
std::string, std::string,
<< "The string <" << arg1
<< "> does not match the given pattern <" << arg2 << ">");
/**
* Exception
*/
DeclException0 (ExcAlreadyAtTopLevel);
/**
* Exception
*/
DeclException1 (ExcEntryUndeclared,
std::string,
<< "You can't ask for entry <" << arg1 << "> you have not yet declared");
/**
* Exception
*/
DeclException1 (ExcConversionError,
std::string,
<< "Error when trying to convert the following string: " << arg1);
//@}
private:
/**
* The separator used when accessing elements of a path into the
* parameter tree.
*/
static const char path_separator = '.';
/**
* The complete tree of sections and entries. See the general
* documentation of this class for a description how data is stored in
* this variable.
*
* The variable is a pointer so that we can use an incomplete type,
* rather than having to include all of the property_tree stuff from
* boost. This works around a problem with gcc 4.5.
*/
std::auto_ptr<boost::property_tree::ptree> entries;
/**
* A list of patterns that are used to describe the parameters of this
* object. The are indexed by nodes in the property tree.
*/
std::vector<std_cxx1x::shared_ptr<const Patterns::PatternBase> > patterns;
/**
* Mangle a string so that it doesn't contain any special characters or
* spaces.
*/
static std::string mangle (const std::string &s);
/**
* Unmangle a string into its original form.
*/
static std::string demangle (const std::string &s);
/**
* Return whether a given node is a parameter node or a subsection node.
*/
static bool is_parameter_node (const boost::property_tree::ptree &);
/**
* Path of presently selected subsections; empty list means top level
*/
std::vector<std::string> subsection_path;
/**
* Return the string that identifies the current path into the property
* tree. This is only a path, i.e. it is not terminated by the
* path_separator character.
*/
std::string get_current_path () const;
/**
* Given the name of an entry as argument, the function computes a full
* path into the parameter tree using the current subsection.
*/
std::string get_current_full_path (const std::string &name) const;
/**
* Scan one line of input. <tt>input_filename</tt> and <tt>lineno</tt>
* are the name of the input file and the current number of the line
* presently scanned (for the logs if there are messages). Return
* <tt>false</tt> if line contained stuff that could not be understood,
* the uppermost subsection was to be left by an <tt>END</tt> or
* <tt>end</tt> statement, a value for a non-declared entry was given or
* the entry value did not match the regular expression. <tt>true</tt>
* otherwise.
*
* The function modifies its argument, but also takes it by value, so the
* caller's variable is not changed.
*/
bool scan_line (std::string line,
const std::string &input_filename,
const unsigned int lineno);
friend class MultipleParameterLoop;
};
/**
* The class MultipleParameterLoop offers an easy possibility to test
* several parameter sets during one run of the program. For this it uses
* the ParameterHandler class to read in data in a standardized form,
* searches for variant entry values and performs a loop over all
* combinations of parameters.
*
* Variant entry values are given like this:
* @verbatim
* set Time step size = { 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.3 }
* @endverbatim
* The loop will then perform three runs of the program, one for each
* value of <tt>Time step size</tt>, while all other parameters are as
* specified or with their default value. If there are several variant
* entry values in the input, a loop is performed for each combination of
* variant values:
* @verbatim
* set Time step size = { 0.1 | 0.2 }
* set Solver = { CG | GMRES }
* @endverbatim
* will result in four runs of the programs, with time step 0.1 and 0.2
* for each of the two solvers.
*
* In addition to variant entries, this class also supports <i>array
* entries</i> that look like this:
* @verbatim
* set Output file = ofile.{{ 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 }}
* @endverbatim
* This indicates that if there are variant entries producing a total of
* four different runs, then we will write their results to the files
* <tt>ofile.1</tt>, <tt>ofile.2</tt>, <tt>ofile.3</tt> and
* <tt>ofile.4</tt>, respectively. Array entries do not generate multiple
* runs of the main loop themselves, but if there are variant entries,
* then in the <i>n</i>th run of the main loop, also the <i>n</i>th value
* of an array is returned.
*
* Since the different variants are constructed in the order of
* declaration, not in the order in which the variant entries appear in
* the input file, it may be difficult to guess the mapping between the
* different variants and the appropriate entry in an array. You will
* have to check the order of declaration, or use only one variant entry.
*
* It is guaranteed that only selections which match the regular
* expression (pattern) given upon declaration of an entry are given back
* to the program. If a variant value does not match the regular
* expression, the default value is stored and an error is issued. Before
* the first run of the loop, all possible values are checked for their
* conformance, so that the error is issued at the very beginning of the
* program.
*
*
* <h3>Usage</h3>
*
* The usage of this class is similar to the ParameterHandler class.
* First the entries and subsections have to be declared, then a loop is
* performed in which the different parameter sets are set, a new
* instance of a user class is created which is then called. Taking the
* classes of the example for the ParameterHandler class, the extended
* program would look like this:
* @code
* class HelperClass : public MultipleParameterLoop::UserClass {
* public:
* HelperClass ();
*
* virtual void create_new (const unsigned int run_no);
* virtual void declare_parameters (ParameterHandler &prm);
* virtual void run (ParameterHandler &prm);
* private:
* Problem *p;
* };
*
*
* HelperClass::HelperClass () : p(0) {}
*
*
* void HelperClass::create_new (const unsigned int run_no) {
* if (p) delete p;
* p = new Problem;
* }
*
*
* void HelperClass::declare_parameters (ParameterHandler &prm) {
* // entries of the problem class
* // note: must be static member!
* Problem::declare_parameters (prm);
* }
*
*
* void HelperClass::run (ParameterHandler &prm) {
* p->get_parameters (prm);
* p->do_useful_work ();
* }
*
*
*
* void main () {
* class MultipleParameterLoop prm;
* HelperClass h;
*
* h.declare_parameters (prm);
* prm.read_input ("prmtest.prm");
* prm.loop (h);
* }
* @endcode
*
* As can be seen, first a new helper class has to be set up. This must
* contain a virtual constructor for a problem class. You can also derive
* your problem class from MultipleParameterLoop::UserClass and let
* <tt>create_new</tt> clear all member variables. If you have access to
* all inherited member variables in some way this is the recommended
* procedure. A third possibility is to use multiple inheritance and
* derive a helper class from both the MultipleParameterLoop::UserClass
* and the problem class. In any case, <tt>create_new</tt> has to provide
* a clean problem object which is the problem in the second and third
* possibility.
*
* The derived class also has to provide for member functions which
* declare the entries and which run the program. Running the program
* includes getting the parameters out of the ParameterHandler object.
*
* After defining an object of this helper class and an object of the
* MultipleParameterLoop class, the entries have to be declared in the
* same way as for the ParameterHandler class. Then the input has to be
* read. Finally the loop is called. This executes the following steps:
* @code
* for (each combination)
* {
* UserObject.create_new (run_no);
*
* // set parameters for this run
*
* UserObject.run (*this);
* }
* @endcode
* <tt>UserObject</tt> is the parameter to the <tt>loop</tt> function.
* <tt>create_new</tt> is given the number of the run (starting from one)
* to enable naming output files differently for each run.
*
*
* <h3>Syntax for variant and array entry values</h3>
*
* Variant values are specified like <tt>prefix{ v1 | v2 | v3 | ... }postfix</tt>. Whitespace
* to the right of the opening brace <tt>{</tt> is ignored as well as to the left of the
* closing brace <tt>}</tt> while whitespace on the respectively other side is not ignored.
* Whitespace around the mid symbols <tt>|</tt> is also ignored. The empty selection
* <tt>prefix{ v1 | }postfix</tt> is also allowed and produces the strings <tt>prefixv1postfix</tt> and
* <tt>prefixpostfix</tt>.
*
* The syntax for array values is equal, apart from the double braces:
* <tt>prefix{{ v1 | v2 | v3 }}postfix</tt>.
*
*
* <h3>Worked example</h3>
*
* Given the above extensions to the example program for the
* ParameterHandler and the following input file
* @verbatim
* set Equation 1 = Poisson
* set Equation 2 = Navier-Stokes
* set Output file= results.{{ 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 }}
*
* subsection Equation 1
* set Matrix type = Sparse
* subsection Linear solver
* set Solver = CG
* set Maximum number of iterations = { 10 | 20 | 30 }
* end
* end
*
* subsection Equation 2
* set Matrix type = Full
* subsection Linear solver
* set Solver = { BiCGStab | GMRES }
* set Maximum number of iterations = 100
* end
* end
* @endverbatim
* this is the output:
* @verbatim
* LinEq: Method=CG, MaxIterations=10
* LinEq: Method=BiCGStab, MaxIterations=100
* Problem: outfile=results.1
* eq1=Poisson, eq2=Navier-Stokes
* Matrix1=Sparse, Matrix2=Full
* LinEq: Method=CG, MaxIterations=20
* LinEq: Method=BiCGStab, MaxIterations=100
* Problem: outfile=results.2
* eq1=Poisson, eq2=Navier-Stokes
* Matrix1=Sparse, Matrix2=Full
* LinEq: Method=CG, MaxIterations=30
* LinEq: Method=BiCGStab, MaxIterations=100
* Problem: outfile=results.3
* eq1=Poisson, eq2=Navier-Stokes
* Matrix1=Sparse, Matrix2=Full
* LinEq: Method=CG, MaxIterations=10
* LinEq: Method=GMRES, MaxIterations=100
* Problem: outfile=results.4
* eq1=Poisson, eq2=Navier-Stokes
* Matrix1=Sparse, Matrix2=Full
* LinEq: Method=CG, MaxIterations=20
* LinEq: Method=GMRES, MaxIterations=100
* Problem: outfile=results.5
* eq1=Poisson, eq2=Navier-Stokes
* Matrix1=Sparse, Matrix2=Full
* LinEq: Method=CG, MaxIterations=30
* LinEq: Method=GMRES, MaxIterations=100
* Problem: outfile=results.6
* eq1=Poisson, eq2=Navier-Stokes
* Matrix1=Sparse, Matrix2=Full
* @endverbatim
* Since <tt>create_new</tt> gets the number of the run it would also be
* possible to output the number of the run.
*
*
* @ingroup input
* @author Wolfgang Bangerth, October 1997, 2010
*/
class MultipleParameterLoop : public ParameterHandler
{
public:
/**
* This is the class the helper class or the problem class has to be
* derived of.
*/
class UserClass
{
public:
/**
* Destructor. It doesn't actually do anything, but is declared to
* force derived classes to have a virtual destructor.
*/
virtual ~UserClass ();
/**
* <tt>create_new</tt> must provide a clean object, either by creating
* a new one or by cleaning an old one.
*/
virtual void create_new (const unsigned int run_no) = 0;
/**
* This should declare parameters and call the
* <tt>declare_parameters</tt> function of the problem class.
*/
virtual void declare_parameters (ParameterHandler &prm) = 0;
/**
* Get the parameters and run any necessary action.
*/
virtual void run (ParameterHandler &prm) = 0;
};
/**
* Constructor
*/
MultipleParameterLoop ();
/**
* Destructor. Declare this only to have a virtual destructor, which is
* safer as we have virtual functions. It actually does nothing
* spectacular.
*/
virtual ~MultipleParameterLoop ();
/**
* Read input from a stream until the stream returns the <tt>eof</tt> condition
* or error. The second argument can be used to denote the name of the file
* (if that's what the input stream represents) we are reading from; this
* is only used when creating output for error messages.
*
* Return whether the read was successful.
*/
virtual bool read_input (std::istream &input,
const std::string &filename = "input file");
/**
* Read input from a file the name of which is given. The PathSearch
* class "PARAMETERS" is used to find the file.
*
* Return whether the read was successful.
*
* Unless <tt>optional</tt> is <tt>true</tt>, this function will
* automatically generate the requested file with default values if the
* file did not exist. This file will not contain additional comments if
* <tt>write_stripped_file</tt> is <tt>true</tt>.
*/
virtual bool read_input (const std::string &FileName,
const bool optional = false,
const bool write_stripped_file = false);
/**
* Read input from a string in memory. The lines in memory have to be
* separated by <tt>@\n</tt> characters.
*/
virtual bool read_input_from_string (const char *s);
/**
* run the central loop.
*/
void loop (UserClass &uc);
/**
* Determine an estimate for the memory consumption (in bytes) of this
* object.
*/
std::size_t memory_consumption () const;
private:
/**
* An object in the list of entries with multiple values.
*/
class Entry
{
public:
/**
* Declare what a multiple entry is: a variant * entry (in curly braces
* <tt>{</tt>, <tt>}</tt>) or an array (in double curly braces
* <tt>{{</tt>, <tt>}}</tt>).
*/
enum MultipleEntryType
{
variant, array
};
/**
* Constructor
*/
Entry () : type (array) {}
/**
* Construct an object with given subsection path, name and value. The
* splitting up into the different variants is done later by
* <tt>split_different_values</tt>.
*/
Entry (const std::vector<std::string> &Path,
const std::string &Name,
const std::string &Value);
/**
* Split the entry value into the different branches.
*/
void split_different_values ();
/**
* Path to variant entry.
*/
std::vector<std::string> subsection_path;
/**
* Name of entry.
*/
std::string entry_name;
/**
* Original variant value.
*/
std::string entry_value;
/**
* List of entry values constructed out of what was given in the input
* file (that is stored in EntryValue.
*/
std::vector<std::string> different_values;
/**
* Store whether this entry is a variant entry or an array.
*/
MultipleEntryType type;
/**
* Determine an estimate for the memory consumption (in bytes) of this
* object.
*/
std::size_t memory_consumption () const;
};
/**
* List of variant entry values.
*/
std::vector<Entry> multiple_choices;
/**
* Number of branches constructed from the different combinations of the
* variants. This obviously equals the number of runs to be performed.
*/
unsigned int n_branches;
/**
* Initialize the different branches, i.e. construct the combinations.
*/
void init_branches ();
/**
* Traverse the section currently set by
* enter_subsection()/leave_subsection() and see which of the entries are
* variante/array entries. Then fill the multiple_choices variable using
* this information.
*/
void init_branches_current_section ();
/**
* Transfer the entry values for one run to the entry tree.
*/
void fill_entry_values (const unsigned int run_no);
};
template <class Archive>
inline
void
ParameterHandler::save (Archive &ar, const unsigned int) const
{
// Forward to serialization
// function in the base class.
ar &static_cast<const Subscriptor &>(*this);
ar & *entries.get();
std::vector<std::string> descriptions;
for (unsigned int j=0; j<patterns.size(); ++j)
descriptions.push_back (patterns[j]->description());
ar &descriptions;
}
template <class Archive>
inline
void
ParameterHandler::load (Archive &ar, const unsigned int)
{
// Forward to serialization
// function in the base class.
ar &static_cast<Subscriptor &>(*this);
ar & *entries.get();
std::vector<std::string> descriptions;
ar &descriptions;
patterns.clear ();
for (unsigned int j=0; j<descriptions.size(); ++j)
patterns.push_back (std_cxx1x::shared_ptr<const Patterns::PatternBase>(Patterns::pattern_factory(descriptions[j])));
}
DEAL_II_NAMESPACE_CLOSE
#endif
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