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<title>Data/Text/IO.hs</title>
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<pre><a name="line-1"></a><span class='hs-comment'>{-# LANGUAGE BangPatterns, CPP, RecordWildCards, ScopedTypeVariables #-}</span>
<a name="line-2"></a><span class='hs-cpp'>#if __GLASGOW_HASKELL__ >= 702</span>
<a name="line-3"></a><span class='hs-comment'>{-# LANGUAGE Trustworthy #-}</span>
<a name="line-4"></a><span class='hs-cpp'>#endif</span>
<a name="line-5"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- |</span>
<a name="line-6"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- Module : Data.Text.IO</span>
<a name="line-7"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- Copyright : (c) 2009, 2010 Bryan O'Sullivan,</span>
<a name="line-8"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- (c) 2009 Simon Marlow</span>
<a name="line-9"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- License : BSD-style</span>
<a name="line-10"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- Maintainer : bos@serpentine.com</span>
<a name="line-11"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- Stability : experimental</span>
<a name="line-12"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- Portability : GHC</span>
<a name="line-13"></a><span class='hs-comment'>--</span>
<a name="line-14"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- Efficient locale-sensitive support for text I\/O.</span>
<a name="line-15"></a><span class='hs-comment'>--</span>
<a name="line-16"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- Skip past the synopsis for some important notes on performance and</span>
<a name="line-17"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- portability across different versions of GHC.</span>
<a name="line-18"></a>
<a name="line-19"></a><span class='hs-keyword'>module</span> <span class='hs-conid'>Data</span><span class='hs-varop'>.</span><span class='hs-conid'>Text</span><span class='hs-varop'>.</span><span class='hs-conid'>IO</span>
<a name="line-20"></a> <span class='hs-layout'>(</span>
<a name="line-21"></a> <span class='hs-comment'>-- * Performance</span>
<a name="line-22"></a> <span class='hs-comment'>-- $performance</span>
<a name="line-23"></a>
<a name="line-24"></a> <span class='hs-comment'>-- * Locale support</span>
<a name="line-25"></a> <span class='hs-comment'>-- $locale</span>
<a name="line-26"></a> <span class='hs-comment'>-- * File-at-a-time operations</span>
<a name="line-27"></a> <span class='hs-varid'>readFile</span>
<a name="line-28"></a> <span class='hs-layout'>,</span> <span class='hs-varid'>writeFile</span>
<a name="line-29"></a> <span class='hs-layout'>,</span> <span class='hs-varid'>appendFile</span>
<a name="line-30"></a> <span class='hs-comment'>-- * Operations on handles</span>
<a name="line-31"></a> <span class='hs-layout'>,</span> <span class='hs-varid'>hGetContents</span>
<a name="line-32"></a> <span class='hs-layout'>,</span> <span class='hs-varid'>hGetChunk</span>
<a name="line-33"></a> <span class='hs-layout'>,</span> <span class='hs-varid'>hGetLine</span>
<a name="line-34"></a> <span class='hs-layout'>,</span> <span class='hs-varid'>hPutStr</span>
<a name="line-35"></a> <span class='hs-layout'>,</span> <span class='hs-varid'>hPutStrLn</span>
<a name="line-36"></a> <span class='hs-comment'>-- * Special cases for standard input and output</span>
<a name="line-37"></a> <span class='hs-layout'>,</span> <span class='hs-varid'>interact</span>
<a name="line-38"></a> <span class='hs-layout'>,</span> <span class='hs-varid'>getContents</span>
<a name="line-39"></a> <span class='hs-layout'>,</span> <span class='hs-varid'>getLine</span>
<a name="line-40"></a> <span class='hs-layout'>,</span> <span class='hs-varid'>putStr</span>
<a name="line-41"></a> <span class='hs-layout'>,</span> <span class='hs-varid'>putStrLn</span>
<a name="line-42"></a> <span class='hs-layout'>)</span> <span class='hs-keyword'>where</span>
<a name="line-43"></a>
<a name="line-44"></a><span class='hs-keyword'>import</span> <span class='hs-conid'>Data</span><span class='hs-varop'>.</span><span class='hs-conid'>Text</span> <span class='hs-layout'>(</span><span class='hs-conid'>Text</span><span class='hs-layout'>)</span>
<a name="line-45"></a><span class='hs-keyword'>import</span> <span class='hs-conid'>Prelude</span> <span class='hs-varid'>hiding</span> <span class='hs-layout'>(</span><span class='hs-varid'>appendFile</span><span class='hs-layout'>,</span> <span class='hs-varid'>getContents</span><span class='hs-layout'>,</span> <span class='hs-varid'>getLine</span><span class='hs-layout'>,</span> <span class='hs-varid'>interact</span><span class='hs-layout'>,</span>
<a name="line-46"></a> <span class='hs-varid'>putStr</span><span class='hs-layout'>,</span> <span class='hs-varid'>putStrLn</span><span class='hs-layout'>,</span> <span class='hs-varid'>readFile</span><span class='hs-layout'>,</span> <span class='hs-varid'>writeFile</span><span class='hs-layout'>)</span>
<a name="line-47"></a><span class='hs-keyword'>import</span> <span class='hs-conid'>System</span><span class='hs-varop'>.</span><span class='hs-conid'>IO</span> <span class='hs-layout'>(</span><span class='hs-conid'>Handle</span><span class='hs-layout'>,</span> <span class='hs-conid'>IOMode</span><span class='hs-layout'>(</span><span class='hs-keyglyph'>..</span><span class='hs-layout'>)</span><span class='hs-layout'>,</span> <span class='hs-varid'>hPutChar</span><span class='hs-layout'>,</span> <span class='hs-varid'>openFile</span><span class='hs-layout'>,</span> <span class='hs-varid'>stdin</span><span class='hs-layout'>,</span> <span class='hs-varid'>stdout</span><span class='hs-layout'>,</span>
<a name="line-48"></a> <span class='hs-varid'>withFile</span><span class='hs-layout'>)</span>
<a name="line-49"></a><span class='hs-keyword'>import</span> <span class='hs-keyword'>qualified</span> <span class='hs-conid'>Control</span><span class='hs-varop'>.</span><span class='hs-conid'>Exception</span> <span class='hs-keyword'>as</span> <span class='hs-conid'>E</span>
<a name="line-50"></a><span class='hs-keyword'>import</span> <span class='hs-conid'>Control</span><span class='hs-varop'>.</span><span class='hs-conid'>Monad</span> <span class='hs-layout'>(</span><span class='hs-varid'>liftM2</span><span class='hs-layout'>,</span> <span class='hs-varid'>when</span><span class='hs-layout'>)</span>
<a name="line-51"></a><span class='hs-keyword'>import</span> <span class='hs-conid'>Data</span><span class='hs-varop'>.</span><span class='hs-conid'>IORef</span> <span class='hs-layout'>(</span><span class='hs-varid'>readIORef</span><span class='hs-layout'>,</span> <span class='hs-varid'>writeIORef</span><span class='hs-layout'>)</span>
<a name="line-52"></a><span class='hs-keyword'>import</span> <span class='hs-keyword'>qualified</span> <span class='hs-conid'>Data</span><span class='hs-varop'>.</span><span class='hs-conid'>Text</span> <span class='hs-keyword'>as</span> <span class='hs-conid'>T</span>
<a name="line-53"></a><span class='hs-keyword'>import</span> <span class='hs-conid'>Data</span><span class='hs-varop'>.</span><span class='hs-conid'>Text</span><span class='hs-varop'>.</span><span class='hs-conid'>Internal</span><span class='hs-varop'>.</span><span class='hs-conid'>Fusion</span> <span class='hs-layout'>(</span><span class='hs-varid'>stream</span><span class='hs-layout'>)</span>
<a name="line-54"></a><span class='hs-keyword'>import</span> <span class='hs-conid'>Data</span><span class='hs-varop'>.</span><span class='hs-conid'>Text</span><span class='hs-varop'>.</span><span class='hs-conid'>Internal</span><span class='hs-varop'>.</span><span class='hs-conid'>Fusion</span><span class='hs-varop'>.</span><span class='hs-conid'>Types</span> <span class='hs-layout'>(</span><span class='hs-conid'>Step</span><span class='hs-layout'>(</span><span class='hs-keyglyph'>..</span><span class='hs-layout'>)</span><span class='hs-layout'>,</span> <span class='hs-conid'>Stream</span><span class='hs-layout'>(</span><span class='hs-keyglyph'>..</span><span class='hs-layout'>)</span><span class='hs-layout'>)</span>
<a name="line-55"></a><span class='hs-keyword'>import</span> <span class='hs-conid'>Data</span><span class='hs-varop'>.</span><span class='hs-conid'>Text</span><span class='hs-varop'>.</span><span class='hs-conid'>Internal</span><span class='hs-varop'>.</span><span class='hs-conid'>IO</span> <span class='hs-layout'>(</span><span class='hs-varid'>hGetLineWith</span><span class='hs-layout'>,</span> <span class='hs-varid'>readChunk</span><span class='hs-layout'>)</span>
<a name="line-56"></a><span class='hs-keyword'>import</span> <span class='hs-conid'>GHC</span><span class='hs-varop'>.</span><span class='hs-conid'>IO</span><span class='hs-varop'>.</span><span class='hs-conid'>Buffer</span> <span class='hs-layout'>(</span><span class='hs-conid'>Buffer</span><span class='hs-layout'>(</span><span class='hs-keyglyph'>..</span><span class='hs-layout'>)</span><span class='hs-layout'>,</span> <span class='hs-conid'>BufferState</span><span class='hs-layout'>(</span><span class='hs-keyglyph'>..</span><span class='hs-layout'>)</span><span class='hs-layout'>,</span> <span class='hs-conid'>CharBufElem</span><span class='hs-layout'>,</span> <span class='hs-conid'>CharBuffer</span><span class='hs-layout'>,</span>
<a name="line-57"></a> <span class='hs-conid'>RawCharBuffer</span><span class='hs-layout'>,</span> <span class='hs-varid'>emptyBuffer</span><span class='hs-layout'>,</span> <span class='hs-varid'>isEmptyBuffer</span><span class='hs-layout'>,</span> <span class='hs-varid'>newCharBuffer</span><span class='hs-layout'>,</span>
<a name="line-58"></a> <span class='hs-varid'>writeCharBuf</span><span class='hs-layout'>)</span>
<a name="line-59"></a><span class='hs-keyword'>import</span> <span class='hs-conid'>GHC</span><span class='hs-varop'>.</span><span class='hs-conid'>IO</span><span class='hs-varop'>.</span><span class='hs-conid'>Exception</span> <span class='hs-layout'>(</span><span class='hs-conid'>IOException</span><span class='hs-layout'>(</span><span class='hs-varid'>ioe_type</span><span class='hs-layout'>)</span><span class='hs-layout'>,</span> <span class='hs-conid'>IOErrorType</span><span class='hs-layout'>(</span><span class='hs-conid'>InappropriateType</span><span class='hs-layout'>)</span><span class='hs-layout'>)</span>
<a name="line-60"></a><span class='hs-keyword'>import</span> <span class='hs-conid'>GHC</span><span class='hs-varop'>.</span><span class='hs-conid'>IO</span><span class='hs-varop'>.</span><span class='hs-conid'>Handle</span><span class='hs-varop'>.</span><span class='hs-conid'>Internals</span> <span class='hs-layout'>(</span><span class='hs-varid'>augmentIOError</span><span class='hs-layout'>,</span> <span class='hs-varid'>hClose_help</span><span class='hs-layout'>,</span> <span class='hs-varid'>wantReadableHandle</span><span class='hs-layout'>,</span>
<a name="line-61"></a> <span class='hs-varid'>wantWritableHandle</span><span class='hs-layout'>)</span>
<a name="line-62"></a><span class='hs-keyword'>import</span> <span class='hs-conid'>GHC</span><span class='hs-varop'>.</span><span class='hs-conid'>IO</span><span class='hs-varop'>.</span><span class='hs-conid'>Handle</span><span class='hs-varop'>.</span><span class='hs-conid'>Text</span> <span class='hs-layout'>(</span><span class='hs-varid'>commitBuffer'</span><span class='hs-layout'>)</span>
<a name="line-63"></a><span class='hs-keyword'>import</span> <span class='hs-conid'>GHC</span><span class='hs-varop'>.</span><span class='hs-conid'>IO</span><span class='hs-varop'>.</span><span class='hs-conid'>Handle</span><span class='hs-varop'>.</span><span class='hs-conid'>Types</span> <span class='hs-layout'>(</span><span class='hs-conid'>BufferList</span><span class='hs-layout'>(</span><span class='hs-keyglyph'>..</span><span class='hs-layout'>)</span><span class='hs-layout'>,</span> <span class='hs-conid'>BufferMode</span><span class='hs-layout'>(</span><span class='hs-keyglyph'>..</span><span class='hs-layout'>)</span><span class='hs-layout'>,</span> <span class='hs-conid'>Handle__</span><span class='hs-layout'>(</span><span class='hs-keyglyph'>..</span><span class='hs-layout'>)</span><span class='hs-layout'>,</span>
<a name="line-64"></a> <span class='hs-conid'>HandleType</span><span class='hs-layout'>(</span><span class='hs-keyglyph'>..</span><span class='hs-layout'>)</span><span class='hs-layout'>,</span> <span class='hs-conid'>Newline</span><span class='hs-layout'>(</span><span class='hs-keyglyph'>..</span><span class='hs-layout'>)</span><span class='hs-layout'>)</span>
<a name="line-65"></a><span class='hs-keyword'>import</span> <span class='hs-conid'>System</span><span class='hs-varop'>.</span><span class='hs-conid'>IO</span> <span class='hs-layout'>(</span><span class='hs-varid'>hGetBuffering</span><span class='hs-layout'>,</span> <span class='hs-varid'>hFileSize</span><span class='hs-layout'>,</span> <span class='hs-varid'>hSetBuffering</span><span class='hs-layout'>,</span> <span class='hs-varid'>hTell</span><span class='hs-layout'>)</span>
<a name="line-66"></a><span class='hs-keyword'>import</span> <span class='hs-conid'>System</span><span class='hs-varop'>.</span><span class='hs-conid'>IO</span><span class='hs-varop'>.</span><span class='hs-conid'>Error</span> <span class='hs-layout'>(</span><span class='hs-varid'>isEOFError</span><span class='hs-layout'>)</span>
<a name="line-67"></a>
<a name="line-68"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- $performance</span>
<a name="line-69"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- #performance#</span>
<a name="line-70"></a><span class='hs-comment'>--</span>
<a name="line-71"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- The functions in this module obey the runtime system's locale,</span>
<a name="line-72"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- character set encoding, and line ending conversion settings.</span>
<a name="line-73"></a><span class='hs-comment'>--</span>
<a name="line-74"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- If you know in advance that you will be working with data that has</span>
<a name="line-75"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- a specific encoding (e.g. UTF-8), and your application is highly</span>
<a name="line-76"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- performance sensitive, you may find that it is faster to perform</span>
<a name="line-77"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- I\/O with bytestrings and to encode and decode yourself than to use</span>
<a name="line-78"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- the functions in this module.</span>
<a name="line-79"></a><span class='hs-comment'>--</span>
<a name="line-80"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- Whether this will hold depends on the version of GHC you are using,</span>
<a name="line-81"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- the platform you are working on, the data you are working with, and</span>
<a name="line-82"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- the encodings you are using, so be sure to test for yourself.</span>
<a name="line-83"></a>
<a name="line-84"></a><a name="readFile"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- | The 'readFile' function reads a file and returns the contents of</span>
<a name="line-85"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- the file as a string. The entire file is read strictly, as with</span>
<a name="line-86"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- 'getContents'.</span>
<a name="line-87"></a><span class='hs-definition'>readFile</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>::</span> <span class='hs-conid'>FilePath</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>-></span> <span class='hs-conid'>IO</span> <span class='hs-conid'>Text</span>
<a name="line-88"></a><span class='hs-definition'>readFile</span> <span class='hs-varid'>name</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>=</span> <span class='hs-varid'>openFile</span> <span class='hs-varid'>name</span> <span class='hs-conid'>ReadMode</span> <span class='hs-varop'>>>=</span> <span class='hs-varid'>hGetContents</span>
<a name="line-89"></a>
<a name="line-90"></a><a name="writeFile"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- | Write a string to a file. The file is truncated to zero length</span>
<a name="line-91"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- before writing begins.</span>
<a name="line-92"></a><span class='hs-definition'>writeFile</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>::</span> <span class='hs-conid'>FilePath</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>-></span> <span class='hs-conid'>Text</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>-></span> <span class='hs-conid'>IO</span> <span class='hs-conid'>()</span>
<a name="line-93"></a><span class='hs-definition'>writeFile</span> <span class='hs-varid'>p</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>=</span> <span class='hs-varid'>withFile</span> <span class='hs-varid'>p</span> <span class='hs-conid'>WriteMode</span> <span class='hs-varop'>.</span> <span class='hs-varid'>flip</span> <span class='hs-varid'>hPutStr</span>
<a name="line-94"></a>
<a name="line-95"></a><a name="appendFile"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- | Write a string the end of a file.</span>
<a name="line-96"></a><span class='hs-definition'>appendFile</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>::</span> <span class='hs-conid'>FilePath</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>-></span> <span class='hs-conid'>Text</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>-></span> <span class='hs-conid'>IO</span> <span class='hs-conid'>()</span>
<a name="line-97"></a><span class='hs-definition'>appendFile</span> <span class='hs-varid'>p</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>=</span> <span class='hs-varid'>withFile</span> <span class='hs-varid'>p</span> <span class='hs-conid'>AppendMode</span> <span class='hs-varop'>.</span> <span class='hs-varid'>flip</span> <span class='hs-varid'>hPutStr</span>
<a name="line-98"></a>
<a name="line-99"></a><a name="catchError"></a><span class='hs-definition'>catchError</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>::</span> <span class='hs-conid'>String</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>-></span> <span class='hs-conid'>Handle</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>-></span> <span class='hs-conid'>Handle__</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>-></span> <span class='hs-conid'>IOError</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>-></span> <span class='hs-conid'>IO</span> <span class='hs-conid'>Text</span>
<a name="line-100"></a><span class='hs-definition'>catchError</span> <span class='hs-varid'>caller</span> <span class='hs-varid'>h</span> <span class='hs-conid'>Handle__</span><span class='hs-layout'>{</span><span class='hs-keyglyph'>..</span><span class='hs-layout'>}</span> <span class='hs-varid'>err</span>
<a name="line-101"></a> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>|</span> <span class='hs-varid'>isEOFError</span> <span class='hs-varid'>err</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>=</span> <span class='hs-keyword'>do</span>
<a name="line-102"></a> <span class='hs-varid'>buf</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'><-</span> <span class='hs-varid'>readIORef</span> <span class='hs-varid'>haCharBuffer</span>
<a name="line-103"></a> <span class='hs-varid'>return</span> <span class='hs-varop'>$</span> <span class='hs-keyword'>if</span> <span class='hs-varid'>isEmptyBuffer</span> <span class='hs-varid'>buf</span>
<a name="line-104"></a> <span class='hs-keyword'>then</span> <span class='hs-conid'>T</span><span class='hs-varop'>.</span><span class='hs-varid'>empty</span>
<a name="line-105"></a> <span class='hs-keyword'>else</span> <span class='hs-conid'>T</span><span class='hs-varop'>.</span><span class='hs-varid'>singleton</span> <span class='hs-chr'>'\r'</span>
<a name="line-106"></a> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>|</span> <span class='hs-varid'>otherwise</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>=</span> <span class='hs-conid'>E</span><span class='hs-varop'>.</span><span class='hs-varid'>throwIO</span> <span class='hs-layout'>(</span><span class='hs-varid'>augmentIOError</span> <span class='hs-varid'>err</span> <span class='hs-varid'>caller</span> <span class='hs-varid'>h</span><span class='hs-layout'>)</span>
<a name="line-107"></a>
<a name="line-108"></a><a name="hGetChunk"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- | /Experimental./ Read a single chunk of strict text from a</span>
<a name="line-109"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- 'Handle'. The size of the chunk depends on the amount of input</span>
<a name="line-110"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- currently buffered.</span>
<a name="line-111"></a><span class='hs-comment'>--</span>
<a name="line-112"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- This function blocks only if there is no data available, and EOF</span>
<a name="line-113"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- has not yet been reached. Once EOF is reached, this function</span>
<a name="line-114"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- returns an empty string instead of throwing an exception.</span>
<a name="line-115"></a><span class='hs-definition'>hGetChunk</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>::</span> <span class='hs-conid'>Handle</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>-></span> <span class='hs-conid'>IO</span> <span class='hs-conid'>Text</span>
<a name="line-116"></a><span class='hs-definition'>hGetChunk</span> <span class='hs-varid'>h</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>=</span> <span class='hs-varid'>wantReadableHandle</span> <span class='hs-str'>"hGetChunk"</span> <span class='hs-varid'>h</span> <span class='hs-varid'>readSingleChunk</span>
<a name="line-117"></a> <span class='hs-keyword'>where</span>
<a name="line-118"></a> <span class='hs-varid'>readSingleChunk</span> <span class='hs-varid'>hh</span><span class='hs-keyglyph'>@</span><span class='hs-conid'>Handle__</span><span class='hs-layout'>{</span><span class='hs-keyglyph'>..</span><span class='hs-layout'>}</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>=</span> <span class='hs-keyword'>do</span>
<a name="line-119"></a> <span class='hs-varid'>buf</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'><-</span> <span class='hs-varid'>readIORef</span> <span class='hs-varid'>haCharBuffer</span>
<a name="line-120"></a> <span class='hs-varid'>t</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'><-</span> <span class='hs-varid'>readChunk</span> <span class='hs-varid'>hh</span> <span class='hs-varid'>buf</span> <span class='hs-varop'>`</span><span class='hs-conid'>E</span><span class='hs-varop'>.</span><span class='hs-varid'>catch</span><span class='hs-varop'>`</span> <span class='hs-varid'>catchError</span> <span class='hs-str'>"hGetChunk"</span> <span class='hs-varid'>h</span> <span class='hs-varid'>hh</span>
<a name="line-121"></a> <span class='hs-varid'>return</span> <span class='hs-layout'>(</span><span class='hs-varid'>hh</span><span class='hs-layout'>,</span> <span class='hs-varid'>t</span><span class='hs-layout'>)</span>
<a name="line-122"></a>
<a name="line-123"></a><a name="hGetContents"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- | Read the remaining contents of a 'Handle' as a string. The</span>
<a name="line-124"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- 'Handle' is closed once the contents have been read, or if an</span>
<a name="line-125"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- exception is thrown.</span>
<a name="line-126"></a><span class='hs-comment'>--</span>
<a name="line-127"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- Internally, this function reads a chunk at a time from the</span>
<a name="line-128"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- lower-level buffering abstraction, and concatenates the chunks into</span>
<a name="line-129"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- a single string once the entire file has been read.</span>
<a name="line-130"></a><span class='hs-comment'>--</span>
<a name="line-131"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- As a result, it requires approximately twice as much memory as its</span>
<a name="line-132"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- result to construct its result. For files more than a half of</span>
<a name="line-133"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- available RAM in size, this may result in memory exhaustion.</span>
<a name="line-134"></a><span class='hs-definition'>hGetContents</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>::</span> <span class='hs-conid'>Handle</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>-></span> <span class='hs-conid'>IO</span> <span class='hs-conid'>Text</span>
<a name="line-135"></a><span class='hs-definition'>hGetContents</span> <span class='hs-varid'>h</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>=</span> <span class='hs-keyword'>do</span>
<a name="line-136"></a> <span class='hs-varid'>chooseGoodBuffering</span> <span class='hs-varid'>h</span>
<a name="line-137"></a> <span class='hs-varid'>wantReadableHandle</span> <span class='hs-str'>"hGetContents"</span> <span class='hs-varid'>h</span> <span class='hs-varid'>readAll</span>
<a name="line-138"></a> <span class='hs-keyword'>where</span>
<a name="line-139"></a> <span class='hs-varid'>readAll</span> <span class='hs-varid'>hh</span><span class='hs-keyglyph'>@</span><span class='hs-conid'>Handle__</span><span class='hs-layout'>{</span><span class='hs-keyglyph'>..</span><span class='hs-layout'>}</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>=</span> <span class='hs-keyword'>do</span>
<a name="line-140"></a> <span class='hs-keyword'>let</span> <span class='hs-varid'>readChunks</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>=</span> <span class='hs-keyword'>do</span>
<a name="line-141"></a> <span class='hs-varid'>buf</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'><-</span> <span class='hs-varid'>readIORef</span> <span class='hs-varid'>haCharBuffer</span>
<a name="line-142"></a> <span class='hs-varid'>t</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'><-</span> <span class='hs-varid'>readChunk</span> <span class='hs-varid'>hh</span> <span class='hs-varid'>buf</span> <span class='hs-varop'>`</span><span class='hs-conid'>E</span><span class='hs-varop'>.</span><span class='hs-varid'>catch</span><span class='hs-varop'>`</span> <span class='hs-varid'>catchError</span> <span class='hs-str'>"hGetContents"</span> <span class='hs-varid'>h</span> <span class='hs-varid'>hh</span>
<a name="line-143"></a> <span class='hs-keyword'>if</span> <span class='hs-conid'>T</span><span class='hs-varop'>.</span><span class='hs-varid'>null</span> <span class='hs-varid'>t</span>
<a name="line-144"></a> <span class='hs-keyword'>then</span> <span class='hs-varid'>return</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>[</span><span class='hs-varid'>t</span><span class='hs-keyglyph'>]</span>
<a name="line-145"></a> <span class='hs-keyword'>else</span> <span class='hs-layout'>(</span><span class='hs-varid'>t</span><span class='hs-conop'>:</span><span class='hs-layout'>)</span> <span class='hs-varop'>`fmap`</span> <span class='hs-varid'>readChunks</span>
<a name="line-146"></a> <span class='hs-varid'>ts</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'><-</span> <span class='hs-varid'>readChunks</span>
<a name="line-147"></a> <span class='hs-layout'>(</span><span class='hs-varid'>hh'</span><span class='hs-layout'>,</span> <span class='hs-keyword'>_</span><span class='hs-layout'>)</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'><-</span> <span class='hs-varid'>hClose_help</span> <span class='hs-varid'>hh</span>
<a name="line-148"></a> <span class='hs-varid'>return</span> <span class='hs-layout'>(</span><span class='hs-varid'>hh'</span><span class='hs-layout'>{</span><span class='hs-varid'>haType</span><span class='hs-keyglyph'>=</span><span class='hs-conid'>ClosedHandle</span><span class='hs-layout'>}</span><span class='hs-layout'>,</span> <span class='hs-conid'>T</span><span class='hs-varop'>.</span><span class='hs-varid'>concat</span> <span class='hs-varid'>ts</span><span class='hs-layout'>)</span>
<a name="line-149"></a>
<a name="line-150"></a><a name="chooseGoodBuffering"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- | Use a more efficient buffer size if we're reading in</span>
<a name="line-151"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- block-buffered mode with the default buffer size. When we can</span>
<a name="line-152"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- determine the size of the handle we're reading, set the buffer size</span>
<a name="line-153"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- to that, so that we can read the entire file in one chunk.</span>
<a name="line-154"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- Otherwise, use a buffer size of at least 16KB.</span>
<a name="line-155"></a><span class='hs-definition'>chooseGoodBuffering</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>::</span> <span class='hs-conid'>Handle</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>-></span> <span class='hs-conid'>IO</span> <span class='hs-conid'>()</span>
<a name="line-156"></a><span class='hs-definition'>chooseGoodBuffering</span> <span class='hs-varid'>h</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>=</span> <span class='hs-keyword'>do</span>
<a name="line-157"></a> <span class='hs-varid'>bufMode</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'><-</span> <span class='hs-varid'>hGetBuffering</span> <span class='hs-varid'>h</span>
<a name="line-158"></a> <span class='hs-keyword'>case</span> <span class='hs-varid'>bufMode</span> <span class='hs-keyword'>of</span>
<a name="line-159"></a> <span class='hs-conid'>BlockBuffering</span> <span class='hs-conid'>Nothing</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>-></span> <span class='hs-keyword'>do</span>
<a name="line-160"></a> <span class='hs-varid'>d</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'><-</span> <span class='hs-conid'>E</span><span class='hs-varop'>.</span><span class='hs-varid'>catch</span> <span class='hs-layout'>(</span><span class='hs-varid'>liftM2</span> <span class='hs-layout'>(</span><span class='hs-comment'>-</span><span class='hs-layout'>)</span> <span class='hs-layout'>(</span><span class='hs-varid'>hFileSize</span> <span class='hs-varid'>h</span><span class='hs-layout'>)</span> <span class='hs-layout'>(</span><span class='hs-varid'>hTell</span> <span class='hs-varid'>h</span><span class='hs-layout'>)</span><span class='hs-layout'>)</span> <span class='hs-varop'>$</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>\</span><span class='hs-layout'>(</span><span class='hs-varid'>e</span><span class='hs-keyglyph'>::</span><span class='hs-conid'>IOException</span><span class='hs-layout'>)</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>-></span>
<a name="line-161"></a> <span class='hs-keyword'>if</span> <span class='hs-varid'>ioe_type</span> <span class='hs-varid'>e</span> <span class='hs-varop'>==</span> <span class='hs-conid'>InappropriateType</span>
<a name="line-162"></a> <span class='hs-keyword'>then</span> <span class='hs-varid'>return</span> <span class='hs-num'>16384</span> <span class='hs-comment'>-- faster than the 2KB default</span>
<a name="line-163"></a> <span class='hs-keyword'>else</span> <span class='hs-conid'>E</span><span class='hs-varop'>.</span><span class='hs-varid'>throwIO</span> <span class='hs-varid'>e</span>
<a name="line-164"></a> <span class='hs-varid'>when</span> <span class='hs-layout'>(</span><span class='hs-varid'>d</span> <span class='hs-varop'>></span> <span class='hs-num'>0</span><span class='hs-layout'>)</span> <span class='hs-varop'>.</span> <span class='hs-varid'>hSetBuffering</span> <span class='hs-varid'>h</span> <span class='hs-varop'>.</span> <span class='hs-conid'>BlockBuffering</span> <span class='hs-varop'>.</span> <span class='hs-conid'>Just</span> <span class='hs-varop'>.</span> <span class='hs-varid'>fromIntegral</span> <span class='hs-varop'>$</span> <span class='hs-varid'>d</span>
<a name="line-165"></a> <span class='hs-keyword'>_</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>-></span> <span class='hs-varid'>return</span> <span class='hs-conid'>()</span>
<a name="line-166"></a>
<a name="line-167"></a><a name="hGetLine"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- | Read a single line from a handle.</span>
<a name="line-168"></a><span class='hs-definition'>hGetLine</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>::</span> <span class='hs-conid'>Handle</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>-></span> <span class='hs-conid'>IO</span> <span class='hs-conid'>Text</span>
<a name="line-169"></a><span class='hs-definition'>hGetLine</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>=</span> <span class='hs-varid'>hGetLineWith</span> <span class='hs-conid'>T</span><span class='hs-varop'>.</span><span class='hs-varid'>concat</span>
<a name="line-170"></a>
<a name="line-171"></a><a name="hPutStr"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- | Write a string to a handle.</span>
<a name="line-172"></a><span class='hs-definition'>hPutStr</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>::</span> <span class='hs-conid'>Handle</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>-></span> <span class='hs-conid'>Text</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>-></span> <span class='hs-conid'>IO</span> <span class='hs-conid'>()</span>
<a name="line-173"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- This function is lifted almost verbatim from GHC.IO.Handle.Text.</span>
<a name="line-174"></a><span class='hs-definition'>hPutStr</span> <span class='hs-varid'>h</span> <span class='hs-varid'>t</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>=</span> <span class='hs-keyword'>do</span>
<a name="line-175"></a> <span class='hs-layout'>(</span><span class='hs-varid'>buffer_mode</span><span class='hs-layout'>,</span> <span class='hs-varid'>nl</span><span class='hs-layout'>)</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'><-</span>
<a name="line-176"></a> <span class='hs-varid'>wantWritableHandle</span> <span class='hs-str'>"hPutStr"</span> <span class='hs-varid'>h</span> <span class='hs-varop'>$</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>\</span><span class='hs-varid'>h_</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>-></span> <span class='hs-keyword'>do</span>
<a name="line-177"></a> <span class='hs-varid'>bmode</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'><-</span> <span class='hs-varid'>getSpareBuffer</span> <span class='hs-varid'>h_</span>
<a name="line-178"></a> <span class='hs-varid'>return</span> <span class='hs-layout'>(</span><span class='hs-varid'>bmode</span><span class='hs-layout'>,</span> <span class='hs-varid'>haOutputNL</span> <span class='hs-varid'>h_</span><span class='hs-layout'>)</span>
<a name="line-179"></a> <span class='hs-keyword'>let</span> <span class='hs-varid'>str</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>=</span> <span class='hs-varid'>stream</span> <span class='hs-varid'>t</span>
<a name="line-180"></a> <span class='hs-keyword'>case</span> <span class='hs-varid'>buffer_mode</span> <span class='hs-keyword'>of</span>
<a name="line-181"></a> <span class='hs-layout'>(</span><span class='hs-conid'>NoBuffering</span><span class='hs-layout'>,</span> <span class='hs-keyword'>_</span><span class='hs-layout'>)</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>-></span> <span class='hs-varid'>hPutChars</span> <span class='hs-varid'>h</span> <span class='hs-varid'>str</span>
<a name="line-182"></a> <span class='hs-layout'>(</span><span class='hs-conid'>LineBuffering</span><span class='hs-layout'>,</span> <span class='hs-varid'>buf</span><span class='hs-layout'>)</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>-></span> <span class='hs-varid'>writeLines</span> <span class='hs-varid'>h</span> <span class='hs-varid'>nl</span> <span class='hs-varid'>buf</span> <span class='hs-varid'>str</span>
<a name="line-183"></a> <span class='hs-layout'>(</span><span class='hs-conid'>BlockBuffering</span> <span class='hs-keyword'>_</span><span class='hs-layout'>,</span> <span class='hs-varid'>buf</span><span class='hs-layout'>)</span>
<a name="line-184"></a> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>|</span> <span class='hs-varid'>nl</span> <span class='hs-varop'>==</span> <span class='hs-conid'>CRLF</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>-></span> <span class='hs-varid'>writeBlocksCRLF</span> <span class='hs-varid'>h</span> <span class='hs-varid'>buf</span> <span class='hs-varid'>str</span>
<a name="line-185"></a> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>|</span> <span class='hs-varid'>otherwise</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>-></span> <span class='hs-varid'>writeBlocksRaw</span> <span class='hs-varid'>h</span> <span class='hs-varid'>buf</span> <span class='hs-varid'>str</span>
<a name="line-186"></a>
<a name="line-187"></a><a name="hPutChars"></a><span class='hs-definition'>hPutChars</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>::</span> <span class='hs-conid'>Handle</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>-></span> <span class='hs-conid'>Stream</span> <span class='hs-conid'>Char</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>-></span> <span class='hs-conid'>IO</span> <span class='hs-conid'>()</span>
<a name="line-188"></a><span class='hs-definition'>hPutChars</span> <span class='hs-varid'>h</span> <span class='hs-layout'>(</span><span class='hs-conid'>Stream</span> <span class='hs-varid'>next0</span> <span class='hs-varid'>s0</span> <span class='hs-sel'>_len</span><span class='hs-layout'>)</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>=</span> <span class='hs-varid'>loop</span> <span class='hs-varid'>s0</span>
<a name="line-189"></a> <span class='hs-keyword'>where</span>
<a name="line-190"></a> <span class='hs-varid'>loop</span> <span class='hs-varop'>!</span><span class='hs-varid'>s</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>=</span> <span class='hs-keyword'>case</span> <span class='hs-varid'>next0</span> <span class='hs-varid'>s</span> <span class='hs-keyword'>of</span>
<a name="line-191"></a> <span class='hs-conid'>Done</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>-></span> <span class='hs-varid'>return</span> <span class='hs-conid'>()</span>
<a name="line-192"></a> <span class='hs-conid'>Skip</span> <span class='hs-varid'>s'</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>-></span> <span class='hs-varid'>loop</span> <span class='hs-varid'>s'</span>
<a name="line-193"></a> <span class='hs-conid'>Yield</span> <span class='hs-varid'>x</span> <span class='hs-varid'>s'</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>-></span> <span class='hs-varid'>hPutChar</span> <span class='hs-varid'>h</span> <span class='hs-varid'>x</span> <span class='hs-varop'>>></span> <span class='hs-varid'>loop</span> <span class='hs-varid'>s'</span>
<a name="line-194"></a>
<a name="line-195"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- The following functions are largely lifted from GHC.IO.Handle.Text,</span>
<a name="line-196"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- but adapted to a coinductive stream of data instead of an inductive</span>
<a name="line-197"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- list.</span>
<a name="line-198"></a><span class='hs-comment'>--</span>
<a name="line-199"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- We have several variations of more or less the same code for</span>
<a name="line-200"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- performance reasons. Splitting the original buffered write</span>
<a name="line-201"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- function into line- and block-oriented versions gave us a 2.1x</span>
<a name="line-202"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- performance improvement. Lifting out the raw/cooked newline</span>
<a name="line-203"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- handling gave a few more percent on top.</span>
<a name="line-204"></a>
<a name="line-205"></a><a name="writeLines"></a><span class='hs-definition'>writeLines</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>::</span> <span class='hs-conid'>Handle</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>-></span> <span class='hs-conid'>Newline</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>-></span> <span class='hs-conid'>Buffer</span> <span class='hs-conid'>CharBufElem</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>-></span> <span class='hs-conid'>Stream</span> <span class='hs-conid'>Char</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>-></span> <span class='hs-conid'>IO</span> <span class='hs-conid'>()</span>
<a name="line-206"></a><span class='hs-definition'>writeLines</span> <span class='hs-varid'>h</span> <span class='hs-varid'>nl</span> <span class='hs-varid'>buf0</span> <span class='hs-layout'>(</span><span class='hs-conid'>Stream</span> <span class='hs-varid'>next0</span> <span class='hs-varid'>s0</span> <span class='hs-sel'>_len</span><span class='hs-layout'>)</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>=</span> <span class='hs-varid'>outer</span> <span class='hs-varid'>s0</span> <span class='hs-varid'>buf0</span>
<a name="line-207"></a> <span class='hs-keyword'>where</span>
<a name="line-208"></a> <span class='hs-varid'>outer</span> <span class='hs-varid'>s1</span> <span class='hs-conid'>Buffer</span><span class='hs-layout'>{</span><span class='hs-varid'>bufRaw</span><span class='hs-keyglyph'>=</span><span class='hs-varid'>raw</span><span class='hs-layout'>,</span> <span class='hs-varid'>bufSize</span><span class='hs-keyglyph'>=</span><span class='hs-varid'>len</span><span class='hs-layout'>}</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>=</span> <span class='hs-varid'>inner</span> <span class='hs-varid'>s1</span> <span class='hs-layout'>(</span><span class='hs-num'>0</span><span class='hs-keyglyph'>::</span><span class='hs-conid'>Int</span><span class='hs-layout'>)</span>
<a name="line-209"></a> <span class='hs-keyword'>where</span>
<a name="line-210"></a> <span class='hs-varid'>inner</span> <span class='hs-varop'>!</span><span class='hs-varid'>s</span> <span class='hs-varop'>!</span><span class='hs-varid'>n</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>=</span>
<a name="line-211"></a> <span class='hs-keyword'>case</span> <span class='hs-varid'>next0</span> <span class='hs-varid'>s</span> <span class='hs-keyword'>of</span>
<a name="line-212"></a> <span class='hs-conid'>Done</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>-></span> <span class='hs-varid'>commit</span> <span class='hs-varid'>n</span> <span class='hs-conid'>False</span><span class='hs-comment'>{-no flush-}</span> <span class='hs-conid'>True</span><span class='hs-comment'>{-release-}</span> <span class='hs-varop'>>></span> <span class='hs-varid'>return</span> <span class='hs-conid'>()</span>
<a name="line-213"></a> <span class='hs-conid'>Skip</span> <span class='hs-varid'>s'</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>-></span> <span class='hs-varid'>inner</span> <span class='hs-varid'>s'</span> <span class='hs-varid'>n</span>
<a name="line-214"></a> <span class='hs-conid'>Yield</span> <span class='hs-varid'>x</span> <span class='hs-varid'>s'</span>
<a name="line-215"></a> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>|</span> <span class='hs-varid'>n</span> <span class='hs-varop'>+</span> <span class='hs-num'>1</span> <span class='hs-varop'>>=</span> <span class='hs-varid'>len</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>-></span> <span class='hs-varid'>commit</span> <span class='hs-varid'>n</span> <span class='hs-conid'>True</span><span class='hs-comment'>{-needs flush-}</span> <span class='hs-conid'>False</span> <span class='hs-varop'>>>=</span> <span class='hs-varid'>outer</span> <span class='hs-varid'>s</span>
<a name="line-216"></a> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>|</span> <span class='hs-varid'>x</span> <span class='hs-varop'>==</span> <span class='hs-chr'>'\n'</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>-></span> <span class='hs-keyword'>do</span>
<a name="line-217"></a> <span class='hs-varid'>n'</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'><-</span> <span class='hs-keyword'>if</span> <span class='hs-varid'>nl</span> <span class='hs-varop'>==</span> <span class='hs-conid'>CRLF</span>
<a name="line-218"></a> <span class='hs-keyword'>then</span> <span class='hs-keyword'>do</span> <span class='hs-varid'>n1</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'><-</span> <span class='hs-varid'>writeCharBuf</span> <span class='hs-varid'>raw</span> <span class='hs-varid'>n</span> <span class='hs-chr'>'\r'</span>
<a name="line-219"></a> <span class='hs-varid'>writeCharBuf</span> <span class='hs-varid'>raw</span> <span class='hs-varid'>n1</span> <span class='hs-chr'>'\n'</span>
<a name="line-220"></a> <span class='hs-keyword'>else</span> <span class='hs-varid'>writeCharBuf</span> <span class='hs-varid'>raw</span> <span class='hs-varid'>n</span> <span class='hs-varid'>x</span>
<a name="line-221"></a> <span class='hs-varid'>commit</span> <span class='hs-varid'>n'</span> <span class='hs-conid'>True</span><span class='hs-comment'>{-needs flush-}</span> <span class='hs-conid'>False</span> <span class='hs-varop'>>>=</span> <span class='hs-varid'>outer</span> <span class='hs-varid'>s'</span>
<a name="line-222"></a> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>|</span> <span class='hs-varid'>otherwise</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>-></span> <span class='hs-varid'>writeCharBuf</span> <span class='hs-varid'>raw</span> <span class='hs-varid'>n</span> <span class='hs-varid'>x</span> <span class='hs-varop'>>>=</span> <span class='hs-varid'>inner</span> <span class='hs-varid'>s'</span>
<a name="line-223"></a> <span class='hs-varid'>commit</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>=</span> <span class='hs-varid'>commitBuffer</span> <span class='hs-varid'>h</span> <span class='hs-varid'>raw</span> <span class='hs-varid'>len</span>
<a name="line-224"></a>
<a name="line-225"></a><a name="writeBlocksCRLF"></a><span class='hs-definition'>writeBlocksCRLF</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>::</span> <span class='hs-conid'>Handle</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>-></span> <span class='hs-conid'>Buffer</span> <span class='hs-conid'>CharBufElem</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>-></span> <span class='hs-conid'>Stream</span> <span class='hs-conid'>Char</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>-></span> <span class='hs-conid'>IO</span> <span class='hs-conid'>()</span>
<a name="line-226"></a><span class='hs-definition'>writeBlocksCRLF</span> <span class='hs-varid'>h</span> <span class='hs-varid'>buf0</span> <span class='hs-layout'>(</span><span class='hs-conid'>Stream</span> <span class='hs-varid'>next0</span> <span class='hs-varid'>s0</span> <span class='hs-sel'>_len</span><span class='hs-layout'>)</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>=</span> <span class='hs-varid'>outer</span> <span class='hs-varid'>s0</span> <span class='hs-varid'>buf0</span>
<a name="line-227"></a> <span class='hs-keyword'>where</span>
<a name="line-228"></a> <span class='hs-varid'>outer</span> <span class='hs-varid'>s1</span> <span class='hs-conid'>Buffer</span><span class='hs-layout'>{</span><span class='hs-varid'>bufRaw</span><span class='hs-keyglyph'>=</span><span class='hs-varid'>raw</span><span class='hs-layout'>,</span> <span class='hs-varid'>bufSize</span><span class='hs-keyglyph'>=</span><span class='hs-varid'>len</span><span class='hs-layout'>}</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>=</span> <span class='hs-varid'>inner</span> <span class='hs-varid'>s1</span> <span class='hs-layout'>(</span><span class='hs-num'>0</span><span class='hs-keyglyph'>::</span><span class='hs-conid'>Int</span><span class='hs-layout'>)</span>
<a name="line-229"></a> <span class='hs-keyword'>where</span>
<a name="line-230"></a> <span class='hs-varid'>inner</span> <span class='hs-varop'>!</span><span class='hs-varid'>s</span> <span class='hs-varop'>!</span><span class='hs-varid'>n</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>=</span>
<a name="line-231"></a> <span class='hs-keyword'>case</span> <span class='hs-varid'>next0</span> <span class='hs-varid'>s</span> <span class='hs-keyword'>of</span>
<a name="line-232"></a> <span class='hs-conid'>Done</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>-></span> <span class='hs-varid'>commit</span> <span class='hs-varid'>n</span> <span class='hs-conid'>False</span><span class='hs-comment'>{-no flush-}</span> <span class='hs-conid'>True</span><span class='hs-comment'>{-release-}</span> <span class='hs-varop'>>></span> <span class='hs-varid'>return</span> <span class='hs-conid'>()</span>
<a name="line-233"></a> <span class='hs-conid'>Skip</span> <span class='hs-varid'>s'</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>-></span> <span class='hs-varid'>inner</span> <span class='hs-varid'>s'</span> <span class='hs-varid'>n</span>
<a name="line-234"></a> <span class='hs-conid'>Yield</span> <span class='hs-varid'>x</span> <span class='hs-varid'>s'</span>
<a name="line-235"></a> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>|</span> <span class='hs-varid'>n</span> <span class='hs-varop'>+</span> <span class='hs-num'>1</span> <span class='hs-varop'>>=</span> <span class='hs-varid'>len</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>-></span> <span class='hs-varid'>commit</span> <span class='hs-varid'>n</span> <span class='hs-conid'>True</span><span class='hs-comment'>{-needs flush-}</span> <span class='hs-conid'>False</span> <span class='hs-varop'>>>=</span> <span class='hs-varid'>outer</span> <span class='hs-varid'>s</span>
<a name="line-236"></a> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>|</span> <span class='hs-varid'>x</span> <span class='hs-varop'>==</span> <span class='hs-chr'>'\n'</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>-></span> <span class='hs-keyword'>do</span> <span class='hs-varid'>n1</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'><-</span> <span class='hs-varid'>writeCharBuf</span> <span class='hs-varid'>raw</span> <span class='hs-varid'>n</span> <span class='hs-chr'>'\r'</span>
<a name="line-237"></a> <span class='hs-varid'>writeCharBuf</span> <span class='hs-varid'>raw</span> <span class='hs-varid'>n1</span> <span class='hs-chr'>'\n'</span> <span class='hs-varop'>>>=</span> <span class='hs-varid'>inner</span> <span class='hs-varid'>s'</span>
<a name="line-238"></a> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>|</span> <span class='hs-varid'>otherwise</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>-></span> <span class='hs-varid'>writeCharBuf</span> <span class='hs-varid'>raw</span> <span class='hs-varid'>n</span> <span class='hs-varid'>x</span> <span class='hs-varop'>>>=</span> <span class='hs-varid'>inner</span> <span class='hs-varid'>s'</span>
<a name="line-239"></a> <span class='hs-varid'>commit</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>=</span> <span class='hs-varid'>commitBuffer</span> <span class='hs-varid'>h</span> <span class='hs-varid'>raw</span> <span class='hs-varid'>len</span>
<a name="line-240"></a>
<a name="line-241"></a><a name="writeBlocksRaw"></a><span class='hs-definition'>writeBlocksRaw</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>::</span> <span class='hs-conid'>Handle</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>-></span> <span class='hs-conid'>Buffer</span> <span class='hs-conid'>CharBufElem</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>-></span> <span class='hs-conid'>Stream</span> <span class='hs-conid'>Char</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>-></span> <span class='hs-conid'>IO</span> <span class='hs-conid'>()</span>
<a name="line-242"></a><span class='hs-definition'>writeBlocksRaw</span> <span class='hs-varid'>h</span> <span class='hs-varid'>buf0</span> <span class='hs-layout'>(</span><span class='hs-conid'>Stream</span> <span class='hs-varid'>next0</span> <span class='hs-varid'>s0</span> <span class='hs-sel'>_len</span><span class='hs-layout'>)</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>=</span> <span class='hs-varid'>outer</span> <span class='hs-varid'>s0</span> <span class='hs-varid'>buf0</span>
<a name="line-243"></a> <span class='hs-keyword'>where</span>
<a name="line-244"></a> <span class='hs-varid'>outer</span> <span class='hs-varid'>s1</span> <span class='hs-conid'>Buffer</span><span class='hs-layout'>{</span><span class='hs-varid'>bufRaw</span><span class='hs-keyglyph'>=</span><span class='hs-varid'>raw</span><span class='hs-layout'>,</span> <span class='hs-varid'>bufSize</span><span class='hs-keyglyph'>=</span><span class='hs-varid'>len</span><span class='hs-layout'>}</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>=</span> <span class='hs-varid'>inner</span> <span class='hs-varid'>s1</span> <span class='hs-layout'>(</span><span class='hs-num'>0</span><span class='hs-keyglyph'>::</span><span class='hs-conid'>Int</span><span class='hs-layout'>)</span>
<a name="line-245"></a> <span class='hs-keyword'>where</span>
<a name="line-246"></a> <span class='hs-varid'>inner</span> <span class='hs-varop'>!</span><span class='hs-varid'>s</span> <span class='hs-varop'>!</span><span class='hs-varid'>n</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>=</span>
<a name="line-247"></a> <span class='hs-keyword'>case</span> <span class='hs-varid'>next0</span> <span class='hs-varid'>s</span> <span class='hs-keyword'>of</span>
<a name="line-248"></a> <span class='hs-conid'>Done</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>-></span> <span class='hs-varid'>commit</span> <span class='hs-varid'>n</span> <span class='hs-conid'>False</span><span class='hs-comment'>{-no flush-}</span> <span class='hs-conid'>True</span><span class='hs-comment'>{-release-}</span> <span class='hs-varop'>>></span> <span class='hs-varid'>return</span> <span class='hs-conid'>()</span>
<a name="line-249"></a> <span class='hs-conid'>Skip</span> <span class='hs-varid'>s'</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>-></span> <span class='hs-varid'>inner</span> <span class='hs-varid'>s'</span> <span class='hs-varid'>n</span>
<a name="line-250"></a> <span class='hs-conid'>Yield</span> <span class='hs-varid'>x</span> <span class='hs-varid'>s'</span>
<a name="line-251"></a> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>|</span> <span class='hs-varid'>n</span> <span class='hs-varop'>+</span> <span class='hs-num'>1</span> <span class='hs-varop'>>=</span> <span class='hs-varid'>len</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>-></span> <span class='hs-varid'>commit</span> <span class='hs-varid'>n</span> <span class='hs-conid'>True</span><span class='hs-comment'>{-needs flush-}</span> <span class='hs-conid'>False</span> <span class='hs-varop'>>>=</span> <span class='hs-varid'>outer</span> <span class='hs-varid'>s</span>
<a name="line-252"></a> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>|</span> <span class='hs-varid'>otherwise</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>-></span> <span class='hs-varid'>writeCharBuf</span> <span class='hs-varid'>raw</span> <span class='hs-varid'>n</span> <span class='hs-varid'>x</span> <span class='hs-varop'>>>=</span> <span class='hs-varid'>inner</span> <span class='hs-varid'>s'</span>
<a name="line-253"></a> <span class='hs-varid'>commit</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>=</span> <span class='hs-varid'>commitBuffer</span> <span class='hs-varid'>h</span> <span class='hs-varid'>raw</span> <span class='hs-varid'>len</span>
<a name="line-254"></a>
<a name="line-255"></a><a name="getSpareBuffer"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- This function is completely lifted from GHC.IO.Handle.Text.</span>
<a name="line-256"></a><span class='hs-definition'>getSpareBuffer</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>::</span> <span class='hs-conid'>Handle__</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>-></span> <span class='hs-conid'>IO</span> <span class='hs-layout'>(</span><span class='hs-conid'>BufferMode</span><span class='hs-layout'>,</span> <span class='hs-conid'>CharBuffer</span><span class='hs-layout'>)</span>
<a name="line-257"></a><span class='hs-definition'>getSpareBuffer</span> <span class='hs-conid'>Handle__</span><span class='hs-layout'>{</span><span class='hs-varid'>haCharBuffer</span><span class='hs-keyglyph'>=</span><span class='hs-varid'>ref</span><span class='hs-layout'>,</span>
<a name="line-258"></a> <span class='hs-varid'>haBuffers</span><span class='hs-keyglyph'>=</span><span class='hs-varid'>spare_ref</span><span class='hs-layout'>,</span>
<a name="line-259"></a> <span class='hs-varid'>haBufferMode</span><span class='hs-keyglyph'>=</span><span class='hs-varid'>mode</span><span class='hs-layout'>}</span>
<a name="line-260"></a> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>=</span> <span class='hs-keyword'>do</span>
<a name="line-261"></a> <span class='hs-keyword'>case</span> <span class='hs-varid'>mode</span> <span class='hs-keyword'>of</span>
<a name="line-262"></a> <span class='hs-conid'>NoBuffering</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>-></span> <span class='hs-varid'>return</span> <span class='hs-layout'>(</span><span class='hs-varid'>mode</span><span class='hs-layout'>,</span> <span class='hs-varid'>error</span> <span class='hs-str'>"no buffer!"</span><span class='hs-layout'>)</span>
<a name="line-263"></a> <span class='hs-keyword'>_</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>-></span> <span class='hs-keyword'>do</span>
<a name="line-264"></a> <span class='hs-varid'>bufs</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'><-</span> <span class='hs-varid'>readIORef</span> <span class='hs-varid'>spare_ref</span>
<a name="line-265"></a> <span class='hs-varid'>buf</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'><-</span> <span class='hs-varid'>readIORef</span> <span class='hs-varid'>ref</span>
<a name="line-266"></a> <span class='hs-keyword'>case</span> <span class='hs-varid'>bufs</span> <span class='hs-keyword'>of</span>
<a name="line-267"></a> <span class='hs-conid'>BufferListCons</span> <span class='hs-varid'>b</span> <span class='hs-varid'>rest</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>-></span> <span class='hs-keyword'>do</span>
<a name="line-268"></a> <span class='hs-varid'>writeIORef</span> <span class='hs-varid'>spare_ref</span> <span class='hs-varid'>rest</span>
<a name="line-269"></a> <span class='hs-varid'>return</span> <span class='hs-layout'>(</span> <span class='hs-varid'>mode</span><span class='hs-layout'>,</span> <span class='hs-varid'>emptyBuffer</span> <span class='hs-varid'>b</span> <span class='hs-layout'>(</span><span class='hs-varid'>bufSize</span> <span class='hs-varid'>buf</span><span class='hs-layout'>)</span> <span class='hs-conid'>WriteBuffer</span><span class='hs-layout'>)</span>
<a name="line-270"></a> <span class='hs-conid'>BufferListNil</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>-></span> <span class='hs-keyword'>do</span>
<a name="line-271"></a> <span class='hs-varid'>new_buf</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'><-</span> <span class='hs-varid'>newCharBuffer</span> <span class='hs-layout'>(</span><span class='hs-varid'>bufSize</span> <span class='hs-varid'>buf</span><span class='hs-layout'>)</span> <span class='hs-conid'>WriteBuffer</span>
<a name="line-272"></a> <span class='hs-varid'>return</span> <span class='hs-layout'>(</span><span class='hs-varid'>mode</span><span class='hs-layout'>,</span> <span class='hs-varid'>new_buf</span><span class='hs-layout'>)</span>
<a name="line-273"></a>
<a name="line-274"></a>
<a name="line-275"></a><a name="commitBuffer"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- This function is completely lifted from GHC.IO.Handle.Text.</span>
<a name="line-276"></a><span class='hs-definition'>commitBuffer</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>::</span> <span class='hs-conid'>Handle</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>-></span> <span class='hs-conid'>RawCharBuffer</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>-></span> <span class='hs-conid'>Int</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>-></span> <span class='hs-conid'>Int</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>-></span> <span class='hs-conid'>Bool</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>-></span> <span class='hs-conid'>Bool</span>
<a name="line-277"></a> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>-></span> <span class='hs-conid'>IO</span> <span class='hs-conid'>CharBuffer</span>
<a name="line-278"></a><span class='hs-definition'>commitBuffer</span> <span class='hs-varid'>hdl</span> <span class='hs-varop'>!</span><span class='hs-varid'>raw</span> <span class='hs-varop'>!</span><span class='hs-varid'>sz</span> <span class='hs-varop'>!</span><span class='hs-varid'>count</span> <span class='hs-varid'>flush</span> <span class='hs-varid'>release</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>=</span>
<a name="line-279"></a> <span class='hs-varid'>wantWritableHandle</span> <span class='hs-str'>"commitAndReleaseBuffer"</span> <span class='hs-varid'>hdl</span> <span class='hs-varop'>$</span>
<a name="line-280"></a> <span class='hs-varid'>commitBuffer'</span> <span class='hs-varid'>raw</span> <span class='hs-varid'>sz</span> <span class='hs-varid'>count</span> <span class='hs-varid'>flush</span> <span class='hs-varid'>release</span>
<a name="line-281"></a><span class='hs-comment'>{-# INLINE commitBuffer #-}</span>
<a name="line-282"></a>
<a name="line-283"></a><a name="hPutStrLn"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- | Write a string to a handle, followed by a newline.</span>
<a name="line-284"></a><span class='hs-definition'>hPutStrLn</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>::</span> <span class='hs-conid'>Handle</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>-></span> <span class='hs-conid'>Text</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>-></span> <span class='hs-conid'>IO</span> <span class='hs-conid'>()</span>
<a name="line-285"></a><span class='hs-definition'>hPutStrLn</span> <span class='hs-varid'>h</span> <span class='hs-varid'>t</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>=</span> <span class='hs-varid'>hPutStr</span> <span class='hs-varid'>h</span> <span class='hs-varid'>t</span> <span class='hs-varop'>>></span> <span class='hs-varid'>hPutChar</span> <span class='hs-varid'>h</span> <span class='hs-chr'>'\n'</span>
<a name="line-286"></a>
<a name="line-287"></a><a name="interact"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- | The 'interact' function takes a function of type @Text -> Text@</span>
<a name="line-288"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- as its argument. The entire input from the standard input device is</span>
<a name="line-289"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- passed to this function as its argument, and the resulting string</span>
<a name="line-290"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- is output on the standard output device.</span>
<a name="line-291"></a><span class='hs-definition'>interact</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>::</span> <span class='hs-layout'>(</span><span class='hs-conid'>Text</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>-></span> <span class='hs-conid'>Text</span><span class='hs-layout'>)</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>-></span> <span class='hs-conid'>IO</span> <span class='hs-conid'>()</span>
<a name="line-292"></a><span class='hs-definition'>interact</span> <span class='hs-varid'>f</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>=</span> <span class='hs-varid'>putStr</span> <span class='hs-varop'>.</span> <span class='hs-varid'>f</span> <span class='hs-varop'>=<<</span> <span class='hs-varid'>getContents</span>
<a name="line-293"></a>
<a name="line-294"></a><a name="getContents"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- | Read all user input on 'stdin' as a single string.</span>
<a name="line-295"></a><span class='hs-definition'>getContents</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>::</span> <span class='hs-conid'>IO</span> <span class='hs-conid'>Text</span>
<a name="line-296"></a><span class='hs-definition'>getContents</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>=</span> <span class='hs-varid'>hGetContents</span> <span class='hs-varid'>stdin</span>
<a name="line-297"></a>
<a name="line-298"></a><a name="getLine"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- | Read a single line of user input from 'stdin'.</span>
<a name="line-299"></a><span class='hs-definition'>getLine</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>::</span> <span class='hs-conid'>IO</span> <span class='hs-conid'>Text</span>
<a name="line-300"></a><span class='hs-definition'>getLine</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>=</span> <span class='hs-varid'>hGetLine</span> <span class='hs-varid'>stdin</span>
<a name="line-301"></a>
<a name="line-302"></a><a name="putStr"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- | Write a string to 'stdout'.</span>
<a name="line-303"></a><span class='hs-definition'>putStr</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>::</span> <span class='hs-conid'>Text</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>-></span> <span class='hs-conid'>IO</span> <span class='hs-conid'>()</span>
<a name="line-304"></a><span class='hs-definition'>putStr</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>=</span> <span class='hs-varid'>hPutStr</span> <span class='hs-varid'>stdout</span>
<a name="line-305"></a>
<a name="line-306"></a><a name="putStrLn"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- | Write a string to 'stdout', followed by a newline.</span>
<a name="line-307"></a><span class='hs-definition'>putStrLn</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>::</span> <span class='hs-conid'>Text</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>-></span> <span class='hs-conid'>IO</span> <span class='hs-conid'>()</span>
<a name="line-308"></a><span class='hs-definition'>putStrLn</span> <span class='hs-keyglyph'>=</span> <span class='hs-varid'>hPutStrLn</span> <span class='hs-varid'>stdout</span>
<a name="line-309"></a>
<a name="line-310"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- $locale</span>
<a name="line-311"></a><span class='hs-comment'>--</span>
<a name="line-312"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- /Note/: The behaviour of functions in this module depends on the</span>
<a name="line-313"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- version of GHC you are using.</span>
<a name="line-314"></a><span class='hs-comment'>--</span>
<a name="line-315"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- Beginning with GHC 6.12, text I\/O is performed using the system or</span>
<a name="line-316"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- handle's current locale and line ending conventions.</span>
<a name="line-317"></a><span class='hs-comment'>--</span>
<a name="line-318"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- Under GHC 6.10 and earlier, the system I\/O libraries do not</span>
<a name="line-319"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- support locale-sensitive I\/O or line ending conversion. On these</span>
<a name="line-320"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- versions of GHC, functions in this library all use UTF-8. What</span>
<a name="line-321"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- does this mean in practice?</span>
<a name="line-322"></a><span class='hs-comment'>--</span>
<a name="line-323"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- * All data that is read will be decoded as UTF-8.</span>
<a name="line-324"></a><span class='hs-comment'>--</span>
<a name="line-325"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- * Before data is written, it is first encoded as UTF-8.</span>
<a name="line-326"></a><span class='hs-comment'>--</span>
<a name="line-327"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- * On both reading and writing, the platform's native newline</span>
<a name="line-328"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- conversion is performed.</span>
<a name="line-329"></a><span class='hs-comment'>--</span>
<a name="line-330"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- If you must use a non-UTF-8 locale on an older version of GHC, you</span>
<a name="line-331"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- will have to perform the transcoding yourself, e.g. as follows:</span>
<a name="line-332"></a><span class='hs-comment'>--</span>
<a name="line-333"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- > import qualified Data.ByteString as B</span>
<a name="line-334"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- > import Data.Text (Text)</span>
<a name="line-335"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- > import Data.Text.Encoding (encodeUtf16)</span>
<a name="line-336"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- ></span>
<a name="line-337"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- > putStr_Utf16LE :: Text -> IO ()</span>
<a name="line-338"></a><span class='hs-comment'>-- > putStr_Utf16LE t = B.putStr (encodeUtf16LE t)</span>
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