postinst is in openssh-server 1:7.6p1-4ubuntu0.3.
This file is a maintainer script. It is executed when installing (*inst) or removing (*rm) the package.
The actual contents of the file can be viewed below.
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set -e
. /usr/share/debconf/confmodule
db_version 2.0
action="$1"
oldversion="$2"
umask 022
get_config_option() {
	option="$1"
	[ -f /etc/ssh/sshd_config ] || return
	# TODO: actually only one '=' allowed after option
	perl -lne '
		s/[[:space:]]+/ /g; s/[[:space:]]+$//;
		print if s/^[[:space:]]*'"$option"'[[:space:]=]+//i' \
	   /etc/ssh/sshd_config
}
host_keys_required() {
	hostkeys="$(get_config_option HostKey)"
	if [ "$hostkeys" ]; then
		echo "$hostkeys"
	else
		# No HostKey directives at all, so the server picks some
		# defaults.
		echo /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key
		echo /etc/ssh/ssh_host_ecdsa_key
		echo /etc/ssh/ssh_host_ed25519_key
	fi
}
create_key() {
	msg="$1"
	shift
	hostkeys="$1"
	shift
	file="$1"
	shift
	if echo "$hostkeys" | grep -x "$file" >/dev/null && \
	   [ ! -f "$file" ] ; then
		echo -n $msg
		ssh-keygen -q -f "$file" -N '' "$@"
		echo
		if which restorecon >/dev/null 2>&1; then
			restorecon "$file" "$file.pub"
		fi
		ssh-keygen -l -f "$file.pub"
	fi
}
create_keys() {
	hostkeys="$(host_keys_required)"
	create_key "Creating SSH2 RSA key; this may take some time ..." \
		"$hostkeys" /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key -t rsa
	create_key "Creating SSH2 DSA key; this may take some time ..." \
		"$hostkeys" /etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_key -t dsa
	create_key "Creating SSH2 ECDSA key; this may take some time ..." \
		"$hostkeys" /etc/ssh/ssh_host_ecdsa_key -t ecdsa
	create_key "Creating SSH2 ED25519 key; this may take some time ..." \
		"$hostkeys" /etc/ssh/ssh_host_ed25519_key -t ed25519
}
new_config=
cleanup() {
	if [ "$new_config" ]; then
		rm -f "$new_config"
	fi
}
create_sshdconfig() {
	# XXX cjwatson 2016-12-24: This debconf template is very confusingly
	# named; its description is "Disable SSH password authentication for
	# root?", so true -> prohibit-password (the upstream default),
	# false -> yes.
	db_get openssh-server/permit-root-login
	permit_root_login="$RET"
	db_get openssh-server/password-authentication
	password_authentication="$RET"
	trap cleanup EXIT
	new_config="$(tempfile)"
	cp -a /usr/share/openssh/sshd_config "$new_config"
	if [ "$permit_root_login" != true ]; then
		sed -i 's/^#*PermitRootLogin .*/PermitRootLogin yes/' \
			"$new_config"
	fi
	if [ "$password_authentication" != true ]; then
		sed -i 's/^#PasswordAuthentication .*/PasswordAuthentication no/' \
			"$new_config"
	fi
	mkdir -p /etc/ssh
	ucf --three-way --debconf-ok \
		--sum-file /usr/share/openssh/sshd_config.md5sum \
		"$new_config" /etc/ssh/sshd_config
	ucfr openssh-server /etc/ssh/sshd_config
}
fix_statoverride() {
# Remove an erronous override for sshd (we should have overridden ssh)
	if dpkg-statoverride --list /usr/sbin/sshd >/dev/null; then
		dpkg-statoverride --remove /usr/sbin/sshd
	fi
}
setup_sshd_user() {
	if ! getent passwd sshd >/dev/null; then
		adduser --quiet --system --no-create-home --home /run/sshd --shell /usr/sbin/nologin sshd
	fi
}
if [ "$action" = configure ]; then
	create_sshdconfig
	create_keys
	fix_statoverride
	setup_sshd_user
	# Renamed to /etc/ssh/moduli in 2.9.9 (!)
	if dpkg --compare-versions "$2" lt-nl 1:4.7p1-1; then
	    rm -f /etc/ssh/primes
	fi
	if dpkg --compare-versions "$2" lt-nl 1:5.5p1-6; then
	    rm -f /run/sshd/.placeholder
	fi
	if dpkg --compare-versions "$2" lt-nl 1:6.5p1-2 && \
	   deb-systemd-helper debian-installed ssh.socket && \
	   deb-systemd-helper --quiet was-enabled ssh.service && \
	   deb-systemd-helper --quiet was-enabled ssh.socket; then
	    # 1:6.5p1-1 mistakenly left both ssh.service and ssh.socket
	    # enabled.
	    deb-systemd-helper disable ssh.socket >/dev/null || true
	fi
	if dpkg --compare-versions "$2" lt-nl 1:6.5p1-3 && \
	   [ -d /run/systemd/system ]; then
	    # We must stop the sysvinit-controlled sshd before we can
	    # restart it under systemd.
	    start-stop-daemon --stop --quiet --oknodo --pidfile /run/sshd.pid --exec /usr/sbin/sshd || true
	fi
fi
# Automatically added by dh_systemd_enable/11.1.6ubuntu1
if [ "$1" = "configure" ] || [ "$1" = "abort-upgrade" ] || [ "$1" = "abort-deconfigure" ] || [ "$1" = "abort-remove" ] ; then
	# This will only remove masks created by d-s-h on package removal.
	deb-systemd-helper unmask 'ssh.service' >/dev/null || true
	# was-enabled defaults to true, so new installations run enable.
	if deb-systemd-helper --quiet was-enabled 'ssh.service'; then
		# Enables the unit on first installation, creates new
		# symlinks on upgrades if the unit file has changed.
		deb-systemd-helper enable 'ssh.service' >/dev/null || true
	else
		# Update the statefile to add new symlinks (if any), which need to be
		# cleaned up on purge. Also remove old symlinks.
		deb-systemd-helper update-state 'ssh.service' >/dev/null || true
	fi
fi
# End automatically added section
# Automatically added by dh_systemd_enable/11.1.6ubuntu1
if [ "$1" = "configure" ] || [ "$1" = "abort-upgrade" ] || [ "$1" = "abort-deconfigure" ] || [ "$1" = "abort-remove" ] ; then
	if deb-systemd-helper debian-installed 'ssh.socket'; then
		# This will only remove masks created by d-s-h on package removal.
		deb-systemd-helper unmask 'ssh.socket' >/dev/null || true
		if deb-systemd-helper --quiet was-enabled 'ssh.socket'; then
			# Create new symlinks, if any.
			deb-systemd-helper enable 'ssh.socket' >/dev/null || true
		fi
	fi
	# Update the statefile to add new symlinks (if any), which need to be cleaned
	# up on purge. Also remove old symlinks.
	deb-systemd-helper update-state 'ssh.socket' >/dev/null || true
fi
# End automatically added section
# Automatically added by dh_installdeb/11.1.6ubuntu1
dpkg-maintscript-helper mv_conffile /etc/pam.d/ssh /etc/pam.d/sshd 1:4.7p1-4~ -- "$@"
# End automatically added section
# Automatically added by dh_installdeb/11.1.6ubuntu1
dpkg-maintscript-helper rm_conffile /etc/init/ssh.conf 1:7.5p1-6~ -- "$@"
# End automatically added section
# Automatically added by dh_installinit/11.1.6ubuntu1
if [ "$1" = "configure" ] || [ "$1" = "abort-upgrade" ] || [ "$1" = "abort-deconfigure" ] || [ "$1" = "abort-remove" ] ; then
	if [ -x "/etc/init.d/ssh" ]; then
		update-rc.d ssh defaults >/dev/null
		if [ -n "$2" ]; then
			_dh_action=restart
		else
			_dh_action=start
		fi
		invoke-rc.d ssh $_dh_action || exit 1
	fi
fi
# End automatically added section
db_stop
exit 0
 |