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    customizing-installer -
    Debian Live Handbuch
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  <meta name="dc.date" content="2011-12-04"  />
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</table><div class="content">
<h1 class="tiny">
    Debian Live Handbuch
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<h2 class="tiny">
    Benutzer
  </h2>
</div><div class="content"><div class="substance">
  <label class="ocn"><a name="549" href="#549" class="lnkocn">549</a></label>
  <h1 class="norm" id="o549"><a name="549"></a>
    12. Customizing Debian Installer
  </h1>
</div><div class="substance">
  <label class="ocn"><a name="550" href="#550" class="lnkocn">550</a></label>
  <p class="i0" id="o550">
    Debian Live system images can be integrated with Debian Installer. There are  a number of different types of installation, varying in what is included and  how the installer operates.
  </p>
</div><div class="substance">
  <label class="ocn"><a name="551" href="#551" class="lnkocn">551</a></label>
  <p class="i0" id="o551">
    Please note the careful use of capital letters when referring to the "Debian  Installer" in this section - when used like this we refer explicitly to the  official installer for the Debian system, not anything else. It is often  seen abbreviated to "d-i".
  </p>
</div><div class="substance">
  <label class="ocn"><a name="552" href="#552" class="lnkocn">552</a></label>
  <p class="bold" id="o552"><a name="552"></a> <a name="h12.1" id="h12.1"></a>
    <a name="12.1" ></a><a name="h12.1" ></a>12.1 Types of Debian Installer
  </p>
</div><div class="substance">
  <label class="ocn"><a name="553" href="#553" class="lnkocn">553</a></label>
  <p class="i0" id="o553">
    The three main types of installer are:
  </p>
</div><div class="substance">
  <label class="ocn"><a name="554" href="#554" class="lnkocn">554</a></label>
  <p class="i0" id="o554">
    <b>"Regular" Debian Installer</b>: This is a normal Debian Live image with a seperate kernel and initrd which (when selected from the appropriate bootloader) launches into a standard Debian Installer instance, just as if you had downloaded a CD image of Debian and booted it. Images containing a live system and such an otherwise independent installer are often referred to as "combined images".
  </p>
</div><div class="substance">
  <label class="ocn"><a name="555" href="#555" class="lnkocn">555</a></label>
  <p class="i0" id="o555">
    On such images, Debian is installed by fetching and installing .deb packages  using <tt>debootstrap</tt> or <tt>cdebootstrap</tt>, from the local media or some  network-based network, resulting in a standard Debian system being installed  to the hard disk.
  </p>
</div><div class="substance">
  <label class="ocn"><a name="556" href="#556" class="lnkocn">556</a></label>
  <p class="i0" id="o556">
    This whole process can be preseeded and customized in a number of ways; see  the relevant pages in the Debian Installer manual for more information. Once  you have a working preseeding file, <i>live-build</i> can automatically put it in  the image and enable it for you.
  </p>
</div><div class="substance">
  <label class="ocn"><a name="557" href="#557" class="lnkocn">557</a></label>
  <p class="i0" id="o557">
    <b>"Live" Debian Installer</b>: This is a Debian Live image with a separate kernel and initrd which (when selected from the appropriate bootloader) launches into an instance of the Debian Installer.
  </p>
</div><div class="substance">
  <label class="ocn"><a name="558" href="#558" class="lnkocn">558</a></label>
  <p class="i0" id="o558">
    Installation will proceed in an identical fashion to the "Regular"  installation described above, but at the actual package installation stage,  instead of using <tt>debootstrap</tt> to fetch and install packages, the live  filesystem image is copied to the target. This is achieved with a special  udeb called <i>live-installer</i>.
  </p>
</div><div class="substance">
  <label class="ocn"><a name="559" href="#559" class="lnkocn">559</a></label>
  <p class="i0" id="o559">
    After this stage, the Debian Installer continues as normal, installing and  configuring items such as bootloaders and local users, etc.
  </p>
</div><div class="substance">
  <label class="ocn"><a name="560" href="#560" class="lnkocn">560</a></label>
  <p class="i0" id="o560">
    Note: to support both normal and live installer entries in the bootloader of  the same live media, you must disable <i>live-installer</i> by preseeding  <tt>live-installer/enable=false</tt>.
  </p>
</div><div class="substance">
  <label class="ocn"><a name="561" href="#561" class="lnkocn">561</a></label>
  <p class="i0" id="o561">
    <b>"Desktop" Debian Installer</b>: Regardless of the type of Debian Installer included, <tt>d-i</tt> can be launched from the Desktop by clicking on an icon. This is user friendlier in some situations. In order to make use of this, the <i>debian-installer-launcher</i> package needs to be included.
  </p>
</div><div class="substance">
  <label class="ocn"><a name="562" href="#562" class="lnkocn">562</a></label>
  <p class="i0" id="o562">
    Note that by default, <i>live-build</i> does not include Debian Installer images in  the images, it needs to be specifically enabled with <tt>lb config</tt>. Also,  please note that for the "Desktop" installer to work, the kernel of the live  system must match the kernel <tt>d-i</tt> uses for the specified  architecture. For example:
  </p>
</div><div class="substance">
  <label class="ocn"><a name="563" href="#563" class="lnkocn">563</a></label>
  <p class="code" id="o563">
    $ lb config --architecture i386 --linux-flavours 486 \<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;--debian-installer live<br />
$ echo debian-installer-launcher >> config/package-lists/my.list.chroot<br /><br />
  </p>
</div><div class="substance">
  <label class="ocn"><a name="564" href="#564" class="lnkocn">564</a></label>
  <p class="bold" id="o564"><a name="564"></a> <a name="h12.2" id="h12.2"></a>
    <a name="12.2" ></a><a name="h12.2" ></a>12.2 Customizing Debian Installer by preseeding
  </p>
</div><div class="substance">
  <label class="ocn"><a name="565" href="#565" class="lnkocn">565</a></label>
  <p class="i0" id="o565">
    As described in the Debian Installer Manual, Appendix B at  ‹<a href="http://www.debian.org/releases/stable/i386/apb.html" target="_top">http://www.debian.org/releases/stable/i386/apb.html</a>›, "Preseeding provides a  way to set answers to questions asked during the installation process,  without having to manually enter the answers while the installation is  running. This makes it possible to fully automate most types of installation  and even offers some features not available during normal installations."  This kind of customization is best accomplished with <i>live-build</i> by placing  the configuration in a <tt>preseed.cfg</tt> file included in  <tt>config/binary_debian-installer/</tt>. For example, to preseed setting the  locale to <tt>en_US</tt>:
  </p>
</div><div class="substance">
  <label class="ocn"><a name="566" href="#566" class="lnkocn">566</a></label>
  <p class="code" id="o566">
    $ echo "d-i debian-installer/locale string en_US" \<br />
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;>> config/binary_debian-installer/preseed.cfg<br /><br />
  </p>
</div><div class="substance">
  <label class="ocn"><a name="567" href="#567" class="lnkocn">567</a></label>
  <p class="bold" id="o567"><a name="567"></a> <a name="h12.3" id="h12.3"></a>
    <a name="12.3" ></a><a name="h12.3" ></a>12.3 Customizing Debian Installer content
  </p>
</div><div class="substance">
  <label class="ocn"><a name="568" href="#568" class="lnkocn">568</a></label>
  <p class="i0" id="o568">
    For experimental or debugging purposes, you might want to include locally  built <tt>d-i</tt> component udeb packages. Place these in  <tt>config/packages.binary/</tt> to include them in the image. Additional or  replacement files and directories may be included in the installer initrd as  well, in a similar fashion to  <a href="customizing-contents.html#live-chroot-local-includes">Live/chroot local  includes</a>,  by placing the material in  <tt>config/binary_debian-installer-includes/</tt>.
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