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<a name="Time-of-day-items"></a>
<div class="header">
<p>
Next: <a href="Time-zone-items.html#Time-zone-items" accesskey="n" rel="next">Time zone items</a>, Previous: <a href="Calendar-date-items.html#Calendar-date-items" accesskey="p" rel="prev">Calendar date items</a>, Up: <a href="Date-Input-Formats.html#Date-Input-Formats" accesskey="u" rel="up">Date Input Formats</a> [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="Function-Index.html#Function-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
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<hr>
<a name="Time-of-day-items-1"></a>
<h3 class="section">B.3 Time of day items</h3>
<a name="index-time-of-day-item"></a>
<p>A <em>time of day item</em> in date strings specifies the time on a given
day. Here are some examples, all of which represent the same time:
</p>
<div class="example">
<pre class="example">20:02:00.000000
20:02
8:02pm
20:02-0500 # In EST (U.S. Eastern Standard Time).
</pre></div>
<p>More generally, the time of day may be given as
‘<samp><var>hour</var>:<var>minute</var>:<var>second</var></samp>’, where <var>hour</var> is
a number between 0 and 23, <var>minute</var> is a number between 0 and
59, and <var>second</var> is a number between 0 and 59 possibly followed by
‘<samp>.</samp>’ or ‘<samp>,</samp>’ and a fraction containing one or more digits.
Alternatively,
‘<samp>:<var>second</var></samp>’ can be omitted, in which case it is taken to
be zero. On the rare hosts that support leap seconds, <var>second</var>
may be 60.
</p>
<a name="index-am-in-date-strings"></a>
<a name="index-pm-in-date-strings"></a>
<a name="index-midnight-in-date-strings"></a>
<a name="index-noon-in-date-strings"></a>
<p>If the time is followed by ‘<samp>am</samp>’ or ‘<samp>pm</samp>’ (or ‘<samp>a.m.</samp>’
or ‘<samp>p.m.</samp>’), <var>hour</var> is restricted to run from 1 to 12, and
‘<samp>:<var>minute</var></samp>’ may be omitted (taken to be zero). ‘<samp>am</samp>’
indicates the first half of the day, ‘<samp>pm</samp>’ indicates the second
half of the day. In this notation, 12 is the predecessor of 1:
midnight is ‘<samp>12am</samp>’ while noon is ‘<samp>12pm</samp>’.
(This is the zero-oriented interpretation of ‘<samp>12am</samp>’ and ‘<samp>12pm</samp>’,
as opposed to the old tradition derived from Latin
which uses ‘<samp>12m</samp>’ for noon and ‘<samp>12pm</samp>’ for midnight.)
</p>
<a name="index-time-zone-correction"></a>
<a name="index-minutes_002c-time-zone-correction-by"></a>
<p>The time may alternatively be followed by a time zone correction,
expressed as ‘<samp><var>s</var><var>hh</var><var>mm</var></samp>’, where <var>s</var> is ‘<samp>+</samp>’
or ‘<samp>-</samp>’, <var>hh</var> is a number of zone hours and <var>mm</var> is a number
of zone minutes.
The zone minutes term, <var>mm</var>, may be omitted, in which case
the one- or two-digit correction is interpreted as a number of hours.
You can also separate <var>hh</var> from <var>mm</var> with a colon.
When a time zone correction is given this way, it
forces interpretation of the time relative to
Coordinated Universal Time (<small>UTC</small>), overriding any previous
specification for the time zone or the local time zone. For example,
‘<samp>+0530</samp>’ and ‘<samp>+05:30</samp>’ both stand for the time zone 5.5 hours
ahead of <small>UTC</small> (e.g., India).
This is the best way to
specify a time zone correction by fractional parts of an hour.
The maximum zone correction is 24 hours.
</p>
<p>Either ‘<samp>am</samp>’/‘<samp>pm</samp>’ or a time zone correction may be specified,
but not both.
</p>
<hr>
<div class="header">
<p>
Next: <a href="Time-zone-items.html#Time-zone-items" accesskey="n" rel="next">Time zone items</a>, Previous: <a href="Calendar-date-items.html#Calendar-date-items" accesskey="p" rel="prev">Calendar date items</a>, Up: <a href="Date-Input-Formats.html#Date-Input-Formats" accesskey="u" rel="up">Date Input Formats</a> [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="Function-Index.html#Function-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
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