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<div class="section" id="getting-started-with-rdflib">
<span id="gettingstarted"></span><h1>Getting started with RDFLib<a class="headerlink" href="#getting-started-with-rdflib" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
<div class="section" id="installation">
<h2>Installation<a class="headerlink" href="#installation" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>RDFLib is open source and is maintained in a
<a class="reference external" href="http://github.com/RDFLib/rdflib/">GitHub</a> repository. RDFLib releases, current and previous
are listed on <a class="reference external" href="http://pypi.python.org/pypi/rdflib/">PyPi</a></p>
<p>The best way to install RDFLib is to use <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">easy_install</span></tt> or <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">pip</span></tt>:</p>
<div class="highlight-bash"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="nv">$ </span>easy_install rdflib
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Support is available through the rdflib-dev group:</p>
<blockquote>
<div><a class="reference external" href="http://groups.google.com/group/rdflib-dev">http://groups.google.com/group/rdflib-dev</a></div></blockquote>
<p>and on the IRC channel <a class="reference external" href="irc://irc.freenode.net/swig">#rdflib</a> on the freenode.net server</p>
<p>The primary interface that RDFLib exposes for working with RDF is a
<a class="reference internal" href="apidocs/rdflib.html#rdflib.graph.Graph" title="rdflib.graph.Graph"><tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">Graph</span></tt></a>. The package uses various Python idioms
that offer an appropriate way to introduce RDF to a Python programmer
who hasn’t worked with RDF before.</p>
<p>RDFLib graphs are not sorted containers; they have ordinary <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">set</span></tt>
operations (e.g. <tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">add()</span></tt> to add a triple) plus
methods that search triples and return them in arbitrary order.</p>
<p>RDFLib graphs also redefine certain built-in Python methods in order
to behave in a predictable way; they <a class="reference external" href="http://docs.python.org/release/2.5.2/ref/sequence-types.html">emulate container types</a> and
are best thought of as a set of 3-item triples:</p>
<div class="highlight-text"><div class="highlight"><pre>[
(subject, predicate, object),
(subject1, predicate1, object1),
...
(subjectN, predicateN, objectN)
]
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>A tiny usage example:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">rdflib</span>
<span class="n">g</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">rdflib</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Graph</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="n">result</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">g</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">parse</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"http://www.w3.org/People/Berners-Lee/card"</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"graph has </span><span class="si">%s</span><span class="s"> statements."</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">g</span><span class="p">))</span>
<span class="c"># prints graph has 79 statements.</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">subj</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">pred</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">obj</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">g</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">subj</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">pred</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">obj</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="ow">not</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">g</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="k">raise</span> <span class="ne">Exception</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"It better be!"</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">s</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">g</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">serialize</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">format</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">'n3'</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>A more extensive example:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">rdflib</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">Graph</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">Literal</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">BNode</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">Namespace</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">RDF</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">URIRef</span>
<span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">rdflib.namespace</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">DC</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">FOAF</span>
<span class="n">g</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Graph</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="c"># Create an identifier to use as the subject for Donna.</span>
<span class="n">donna</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">BNode</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="c"># Add triples using store's add method.</span>
<span class="n">g</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">donna</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">RDF</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">type</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">FOAF</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Person</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">g</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">donna</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">FOAF</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">nick</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">Literal</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"donna"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">lang</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"foo"</span><span class="p">))</span> <span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">g</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">donna</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">FOAF</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">name</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">Literal</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"Donna Fales"</span><span class="p">))</span> <span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">g</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">donna</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">FOAF</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">mbox</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">URIRef</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"mailto:donna@example.org"</span><span class="p">))</span> <span class="p">)</span>
<span class="c"># Iterate over triples in store and print them out.</span>
<span class="k">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"--- printing raw triples ---"</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">s</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">p</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">o</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">g</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="k">print</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="n">s</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">p</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">o</span><span class="p">))</span>
<span class="c"># For each foaf:Person in the store print out its mbox property.</span>
<span class="k">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"--- printing mboxes ---"</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">person</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">g</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">subjects</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">RDF</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">type</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">FOAF</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Person</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">mbox</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">g</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">objects</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">person</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">FOAF</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">mbox</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="k">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mbox</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="c"># Bind a few prefix, namespace pairs for more readable output</span>
<span class="n">g</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">bind</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"dc"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">DC</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">g</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">bind</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"foaf"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">FOAF</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">print</span><span class="p">(</span> <span class="n">g</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">serialize</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">format</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">'n3'</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Many more <a class="reference internal" href="apidocs/examples.html"><em>examples</em></a> can be found in the <tt class="file docutils literal"><span class="pre">examples</span></tt> folder in the source distribution.</p>
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